A native extracellular matrix material for tissue engineering applications: Characterization of pericardial fluid

Abstract

Tissue engineering applications are widely used to repair and regenerate damaged tissues and organs. A scaffold, which is an important component in tissue engineering, provides a 3D environment for cells. In this study, the usability of PF components for the production of an ideal scaffold was investigated. For this aim, pericardial fluid (PF) was harvested from the bovine heart, then its structure and components were characterized. The results of Raman spectroscopy analysis, histological staining, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the pericardial fluid contains collagen type I and IV, elastin, fibrin, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG), which are native extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The results demonstrated that (i) PF contains native ECM proteins and GAG such as collagen types I, III, and IV, elastin, and fibrin. (ii) The PF is highly similar to the native ECM structure. (iii) PF can significantly contribute to many tissue engineering studies as a native ECM material to increase the biocompatibility of biomaterials and to several in vitro/in vivo cell culture studies. (iv) PF containing multiple ECM molecules, can be used alone or together with hyaluronic acid, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), alginate, chitosan, matrigel, and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) materials in bioprinting systems for eliminating the disadvantages of these materials.

Advancements in tissue engineering for cardiovascular health: a biomedical engineering perspective

“…Regenerating functional organs is made possible with decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) produced from heart tissue because it provides a non-immune environment with natural architecture and bioactive components. Possible cardiovascular uses for decellularized xenogeneic patches include pig small intestine submucosa (pSIS), which preserves the native ECM architecture, induces tissue regeneration, and reduces host immunological reactions (Sönmezer et al, 2023). Decellularized cardiac matrix, created by combining sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) with Triton X-100, is an excellent scaffold for tissue engineering since it maintains the structure and protein content of the extracellular matrix (ECM).…”