A Nationwide Survey about the Current Status of Glycemic Control and Complications in Diabetic Patients in 2006 - The Committee of the Korean Diabetes Association on the Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus -

Hahm

et al. 2014

J of Diabetes Invest

Aims/IntroductionTo assess the current status of glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea for >3 months, as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c).Materials and MethodsData on patient demographics, diabetic complications, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and type of treatment were collected in this multicenter, cross-sectional, non-interventional study.ResultsFrom April 2008 to February 2009, 5,628 patients were recruited from 299 centers in Korea. Patients characteristics (mean ± SD) were as follows: age 58.4 ± 10.8 years, duration of diabetes 6.1 ± 4.7 years, body mass index 24.7 ± 2.9 kg/m2, HbA1c 7.77 ± 1.22%, FBG 147.4 ± 46.5 mmol/L and FPG 164.0 ± 54.3 mmol/L. The most common diabetic complication was neuropathy (22.5%), followed by retinopathy (18.3%) and microalbuminuria (16.1%). Just 1,524 (27.1%) patients achieved HbA1c ≤7%. A higher number of patients (32.6%) treated by endocrinologists achieved HbA1c ≤7% than those treated by internists (24.4%) and primary care physicians (23.2%). In multivariate analyses, diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio 0.455, 95% confidence interval 0.341–0.606), nephropathy (odds ratio 0.639, 95% confidence interval 0.43–0.949), diabetes for ≥5 years (odds ratio 0.493, 95% confidence interval 0.4–0.606) and older age added by 1 year (odds ratio 1.019, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.029) was significantly associated with achieving target HbA1c. In addition, treatment by endocrinologists rather than internists significantly increased chances of achieving target HbA1c (odds ratio 1.417, 95% confidence interval 1.146–1.751).ConclusionsThe majority of patients with type 2 diabetes in Korea had inadequate glycemic control, despite receiving a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea.

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Assessment of glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin–sulfonylurea combination: Results of a multicenter, cross‐sectional, observational study in Korea

Hahm

et al. 2014

J of Diabetes Invest

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

“…The prevalence of DR has ranged between 7.0% and 38.3% in other Korean studies. [24][25][26][27] In a previous investigation in a Korean outpatient type 2 DM cohort performed in 1995, 20% of patients had microalbuminuria and 14% had overt proteinuria. 28 In 2006, 30.3% of diabetic patients were found to have microalbuminuria in a Korean nationwide survey.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…28 In 2006, 30.3% of diabetic patients were found to have microalbuminuria in a Korean nationwide survey. 27 The prevalence of DR in Western countries has ranged between 10.6% and 36.0%. [29][30][31][32][33][34] These differences may be due to the methodology used, differences in participants' inclusion criteria, and study design (population-based studies versus clinical-setting studies).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Nephropathy in a Population-Based Study in Korea (KNHANES V-2, 3)

Lee

Sobrin

Lee

et al. 2014

In DM patients, we observed a prevalence of 20.0% for any DR and 3.8% for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Microalbuminuria prevalence was 19.3% and overt nephropathy prevalence was 5.5%. The risk factors of microalbuminuria were presence of hypertension; higher systolic blood pressure, serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and serum blood urea nitrogen level; as well as the presence of PDR. The risk factors of overt nephropathy were long duration of DM; high levels of HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and serum creatinine; as well as the presence of DR CONCLUSIONS: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is associated with microalbuminuria and DR is associated with overt nephropathy in Korean DM patients. Our findings suggest that when an ophthalmologist finds the presence of DR or PDR, timely evaluation of the patient's renal status should be recommended.

“…SMBG helps protect patients by allowing them to immediately confirm acute hypoglycemia (32)(33)(34). Clinical trials are not designed to achieve an outcome of hypoglycemia, primarily due to patient safety and ethical concerns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Düzce İlinde İnsülin Kullanmayan Tip 2 Diyabet Hastalarında Kendi Kendine Kan Şekeri İzleminin Klinik Etkinliğinin Değerlendirilmesi: Birinci Basamak Tabanlı Bir Çalışma

Baltaci¹

2015

Konuralp Tıp Dergisi

Objective: Self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) is frequently recommended, beside its controversial efficacy. Herein, it was aimed to evaluate frequency of SMBG and its efficacy among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in primary care settings in Düzce Province of Turkey. Methods: The cross-sectional and primary care-based study enrolled a total of 680 patients with T2DM treated with oral anti-diabetic agents. Status of SMBG was recorded as non-use, daily, weekly and monthly. Metabolic and glycemic indexes were compared according to statuses of SMBG use. Results: Over the two-third of the patients were user of SMBG. The frequency of daily, weekly and monthly use of SMBG was 13.2%, 32.1% and 24.5%, respectively. Of them, the majority have irregularly used SMBG (59.4%). However, the ratio of patients who have regularly used SMBG was just 24.3%. No significant difference was observed between statuses of SMBG in glycemic indexes of HbA1c, Fasting blood glucose and post-prandial blood glucose (p=0.655, p=0.721 and p=0.389). Conclusions:Although the high and irregular use of SMBG, there was no difference between status of SMBG. Therefore, the family physicians should consciously advice self-monitoring blood glucose. It should be recommended after the patients are competent and empowered with education for its use. Further investigations should be carried out to general idea on clinical effectiveness SMBG in Turkey.