A national validation study of the acute-toxic-class method—an alternative to the LD50 test

Schlede, Eva; Mischke, U.; Roll, R.; Kayser, D.

doi:10.1007/bf01970670

Cited by 51 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Принцип методу визначення альтерна-тивного класу гострої токсичності полягає у ви-користанні 3-х тварин однієї статі на кожному етапі та заснований на біометричному оціню-ванні [2,6,8] з фіксованими дозами, які розпо-ділені за часом прийому так, щоб було можливо оцінити речовину за ступенем небезпеки і сис-тематизувати результати (рис).…”

Section: матеріали і методиunclassified

Comparative analysis of research of acute toxicity of anthelmintic phytopreparation “Shchytnyk” by classical and alternative methods

Perig¹,

Additives²

2017

Bìol. Tvarin

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Державний науково-дослідний контрольний інститут ветеринарних препаратів та кормових добавок, вул. Донецька, 11, м. Львів, 79019, Україна За міжнародними вимогами, випробування безпеки (токсичності) різних речовин на живих сис-темах (людини, тварин, екосистем)

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Section: матеріали і методиunclassified

Comparative analysis of research of acute toxicity of anthelmintic phytopreparation “Shchytnyk” by classical and alternative methods

Perig¹,

Additives²

2017

Bìol. Tvarin

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“…The acute toxicity study of the methanolic extract of D. obtusata was carried out according to the acutetoxic-class method as alternative to the LD 50 test (Schlede et al, 1992). Graded doses (25, 200 and 2000 mg/kg) of methanolic extract were administered intraperitoneally to various groups, each group containing six mice.…”

Section: Acute Toxicity Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of methanolic extract from red seaweed Dichotomaria obtusata

Delgado

Vázquez

Sánchez³

et al. 2013

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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The aim of the present work was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of methanolic extract from D. obtusata using classic models in mice (croton oil-induced ear edema and acetic acid-induced writhing) and a phospholipase A 2 activity test. Qualitative analysis of the chemical composition of seaweed was also determined by extraction with solvents of increasing polarity and precipitation and color tests. Results of qualitative chemical study showed the presence of lactonic and phenolic compounds, reduced carbohydrates, other sugars, flavonoids, fatty compounds, triterpenes and steroids. The extract inhibited mouse ear edema in a dose-dependent manner with an efficacy higher than 90% and a mean effective dose of 4.87μg/ear, while intraperitoneal administration presented a moderate activity. The extract did not inhibit phospholipase A 2 activity. In the writhing test, the intraperitoneal administration of the extract showed a strong antinociceptive activity (80.2%), while the oral route showed a lower efficacy. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of methanol extract of D. obtusata in experimental models, suggesting its therapeutic potential in the treatment of peripheral painful and/or inflammatory pathologies. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar os efeitos antiinflamatórios e antinociceptivos de um extrato metanólico de D. obtusata, utilizando modelos clássicos em ratos (teste do edema de orelha induzido por óleo de cróton e teste de contorções induzidas por ácido acético) e um teste de atividade de fosfolipase A 2 . A análise qualitativa da composição química das algas foi também determinada através de extração com solventes de polaridade crescente e testes de precipitação e cor. Os resultados do estudo de química qualitativa mostraram a presença de compostos lactônicos e fenólicos, hidratos de carbono reduzidos e outros açúcares, flavonoides, compostos graxos, triterpenos e esteroides. O extrato inibiu o edema de orelha dos ratos de um modo dependente da dose com eficácia superior a 90% e dose média efetiva de 4.87μg/orelha, enquanto a administração intraperitoneal apresentou atividade moderada. O extrato não inibiu a atividade da fosfolipase A 2 . No teste de contorção, a administração intraperitoneal do extrato mostrou forte atividade antinociceptiva (80,2%), enquanto a administração oral mostrou menor eficácia. Em conclusão, este estudo demonstrou os efeitos antiinflamatórios e antinociceptivos do extrato metanólico de D. obtusata em modelos experimentais, sugerindo seu potencial terapêutico no tratamento de patologias dolorosas periféricas e/ou inflamatórias. UnitermsUnitermos: Dichotomaria obtusata/farmacognosia. Dichotomaria obtusata/atividade antiinflamatória. Dichotomaria obtusata/atividade antinociceptiva. Teste do edema de orelha. Teste de contorções.

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“…28,29) Male Swiss mice selected by random sampling technique were employed in this study. The animals were fasted for 4 h with free access to water only.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Evidence for the Potential of Daucus carota in the Management of Cognitive Dysfunctions

Mani

Parle

2006

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Cognition is that operation of mind by means of which, we become aware of our surroundings, objects and thoughts. Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most common cause of dementia, affecting more than 15 million individuals worldwide.1) It is characterized by progressive memory loss, cognitive impairments, and personality defects accompanied by diffuse structural abnormalities in the brain.2,3) Memory forms one of the most complex functions of the brain and ultimately involves multiple neuronal pathways and neurotransmitter systems. One of the most consistent and profound change associated with AD is diminished central cholinergic neurotransmission.4) Therefore, facilitation of cholinergic transmission by inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase enzyme can be looked upon as an important strategy in improving cognitive and behavioral functions.2) The main histological hallmarks of AD are extraneuronal deposits of b-amyloid (Ab) plaques and intra neuronal fibrillary tangles. 5) Recently, substantial evidence is accumulating in the literature showing a strong link between high cholesterol and high incidence of Alzheimer's disease. [5][6][7] Both the generation and clearance of Ab appear to be regulated by cholesterol. Elevated cholesterol levels increased Ab in cellular and most animal models of AD whereas, drugs that inhibited cholesterol synthesis lowered Ab.6) Clinical studies indicated that patients with elevated serum cholesterol levels have increased susceptibility to AD, [8][9][10][11] and that the prevalence of AD is higher in countries with high-fat intake.12) Therefore, a new approach aimed at reducing blood cholesterol level may prove worthwhile in the management of Alzheimer's disease. Since the Allopathic system of medicine is yet to provide a radical cure for Alzheimer's disease, it is worthwhile to look for new directions, which would minimize the memory loss of patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. The utility of non-toxic plants may be explored for treating patients with dementia.Daucus carota LINN. commonly known as "Carrot" belongs to the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) and is cultivated almost all over the world as a useful vegetable. Different parts of this plant are used in Indian systems of medicine for the treatment of a broad spectrum of aliments including kidney dysfunction, asthma, dropsy, inflammation, leprosy and worm troubles. 13,14) The plant has undergone extensive phytochemical studies and a large number of active ingredients have been isolated. These include volatile oils, steroids, triterpenes, carbohydrates, glycerides, tannins, flavonoids, amino acid, carotene and hydrocarotene. [15][16][17] Pharmacological studies showed that Daucus carota seeds exhibit antifertility properties. 18,19) The crude extract of root of the plant has been found to be hypoglycemic 20) and hepatoprotective.21) Indian Materia Medica makes a mention of Daucus carota seeds as a brain tonic.14) Cholinergic activity was also found in water-soluble fraction of the alcoholic extract of seeds.22,23) Since, D...

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A national validation study of the acute-toxic-class method—an alternative to the LD50 test

Cited by 51 publications

References 38 publications

Comparative analysis of research of acute toxicity of anthelmintic phytopreparation “Shchytnyk” by classical and alternative methods

Comparative analysis of research of acute toxicity of anthelmintic phytopreparation “Shchytnyk” by classical and alternative methods

Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of methanolic extract from red seaweed Dichotomaria obtusata

Pharmacological Evidence for the Potential of Daucus carota in the Management of Cognitive Dysfunctions

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