A National Survey of Robotic Surgery Training Among Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Residents

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the current state of robotic surgery training among Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) residency programs in the United States. Methods: This is a national survey study among OHNS residents. All OHNS residency programs were identified via the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education website. A total of 64/127 (50.3%) of OHNS programs were selected based on a random number generator. The main outcome measure was the number of OHNS residents with access to robotic surgery training and assessment of operative experience in robotic surgery among those residents. Results: A total of 140 OHNS residents participated in the survey, of which 59.3% (n = 83) were male. Response rate was 40.2%. Respondents came from middle 50.0% (n = 70), southern 17.8% (n = 25), western 17.8% (n = 25), and eastern sections 14.3% (n = 20). Most respondents (94.3%, n = 132) reported that their institution utilized a robot for head and neck surgery. Resident experience at the bedside increased in the junior years of training and console experience increased across the years particularly for more senior residents. However, 63.4% of residents reported no operative experience at the console. Only 11.4% of programs have a structured robotics training program. Conclusion: This survey indicated that nearly all OHNS residencies utilize robotic surgery in their clinical practice with residents receiving little formal education in robotics or experience at the console. OHNS residencies should aim to increase access to training opportunities in order to increase resident competency. Level of Evidence: IV

Vascular permeability in HPV+ oropharyngeal cancers aids in fluorescent image‐guided transoral robotic surgery using indocyanine green

“…Preliminary studies have shown that intraoperative imaging using ICG is both a feasible and safe approach for head and neck tumors. It has been shown to be effective in identifying parathyroid glands and their respective vascularization 33,34 and our research group has significant experience in TORS 35–38 . However, there is a current gap in knowledge regarding the role of the underlying vascular pathophysiology and its effect on the resulting ICG signal during FI‐guided surgery.…”

“…It has been shown to be effective in identifying parathyroid glands and their respective vascularization 33,34 and our research group has significant experience in TORS. [35][36][37][38] However, there is a current gap in knowledge regarding the role of the underlying vascular pathophysiology and its effect on the resulting ICG signal during FI-guided surgery. Head and neck tumors are hypervascular 39,40 ; however, the importance of vascular permeability to improve surgical visualization has not been explored.…”