A national survey of clinical pharmacy services in county hospitals in China

Yao, Dongning; Xi, Xiaoyu; Huang, Yuankai; Hu, Hao; Y, Hu; Wang, Yitao; Yao, Wenbing

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0188354

Cited by 23 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The median number of CPs in HCMC [2 (Q1-Q3: 1-4)] was lower than the average number of CPs in Hanoi [2.2 (SD: 1.1)] 10 , whilst in China, a clinical pharmacy team in county hospitals requires more than three CPs. 10,22 Considering FTE, the present median was extremely low, at only 0.4 (Q1-Q3: 1-2) compared to 0.77 FTE CP per hospital in Hanoi. 10 One study of Bond et al reported that a hospital needs averagely 10.7 or 3.2 FTEs CP to cover all or five-core clinical pharmacy activities, respectively; while a requirement of 2-4 FTEs per hospital for these activities was noted in another study (Saudi Arabia).…”

Section: Full-time Equivalentmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…10 On the other hand, the finding about years of experience was quite identical with China, where the median work seniority of CPs was 4 (Q1-Q3: 2-5). 22 Likewise, in Saudi Arabia, over 95% of surveyed CPs had no more than 1 year of experience in this field. 24 As a whole, the low working seniority of CPs might accord with the fact that the first official Circular of clinical pharmacy was just issued in December 3, 2012…”

Section: Work Senioritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the hospitals in this study shared a similarity with those in other countries in terms of having demand for recruiting CPs, although the reasons were distinctive. 22,23,31 For example, over 50% of county hospitals of China have failed to reach the standard number of CPs established by the government while in Saudi Arabia, the genuine need for clinical pharmacy workforce at primary care centers was several times higher than Ministry of Health (MOH) standards or population-based calculations, especially during mass gathering events. 22,23 On the other hand, in Kuwait, the lack of formal policy and support from the MOH has been the major cause that exerted the shortage of CPs in the hospitals.…”

Section: Clinical Pharmacist Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22,23,31 For example, over 50% of county hospitals of China have failed to reach the standard number of CPs established by the government while in Saudi Arabia, the genuine need for clinical pharmacy workforce at primary care centers was several times higher than Ministry of Health (MOH) standards or population-based calculations, especially during mass gathering events. 22,23 On the other hand, in Kuwait, the lack of formal policy and support from the MOH has been the major cause that exerted the shortage of CPs in the hospitals. 31 Meanwhile, hospitals in Vietnam are still taking the very first step to perform clinical pharmacy practices, which undoubtedly must include the recruitment of CPs.…”

Section: Clinical Pharmacist Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current status of clinical pharmacy workforce, services and clinical pharmacist recruitment in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Nguyen-Thi

Nguyen-Ngoc

Le³

et al. 2020

Health Planning & Management

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Summary Objectives Clinical pharmacy practices in Vietnam have not been well studied. We aimed to describe clinical pharmacy practices in terms of workforce, activities and the recruitment demand for clinical pharmacists (CPs) in hospitals. Methods A cross‐sectional survey was conducted, and 123 questionnaires were distributed to Heads/Deputy heads of Pharmacy department and Boards of directors in all of hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam between August 2018 and June 2019. Results There were 187 CPs in 79 participating hospitals, whereas the ratio of CPs per 100 patient beds was 0.67. The median number of CPs was 2 (1–4), with a significantly low median full time equivalent [0.4 (1, 2)]. The income of CPs was significantly low. Antibiotics were the most common medications that CPs discussed with physicians (93.06%). Interventions commonly performed by CPs were “Checking drug interactions” (77.78%), “Counseling physicians about the route of administration” (61.11%), “Checking drug allergies” (51.39%). The median number of CPs needed to recruit according to Heads/Deputy heads of Pharmacy Department and Boards of directors was 2 (1–3) and 2 (1–3.5), respectively. Conclusion The shortage of CPs, which was likely attributable to low income, might lead to numerous obstacles for delivering comprehensive healthcare services. Thus, the hospital recruitment strategies should focus on salary and benefits to attract more CPs, especially those with postgraduate degree.

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Section: Full-time Equivalentmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Work Senioritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Pharmacist Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Pharmacist Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Current status of clinical pharmacy workforce, services and clinical pharmacist recruitment in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Nguyen-Thi

Nguyen-Ngoc

Le³

et al. 2020

Health Planning & Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The PC system in China is still in an early stage of development, and its quality is unsatisfactory in comparison to that in developed countries [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] . With various limitations, Chinese government is exploring approaches for improving the quality of PC [26][27][28][29] .Studies in China have indicated a certain extent of misunderstanding of PC by its providers, such as the concepts that taking the dispensing as the core of PC or the goal of PC is only to solve the drug-related problems raised by the clinicians, and reluctance of performing PC among some providers due to barriers like lacking support from hospital administrators or clinicians [30,31] , which may impair the quality practice of PC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Clerkship Schemes effectively improve Pharmacy Students’ Understanding of and Attitudes Regarding Pharmaceutical Care?——A pre-post Study in China Pharmaceutical University

Huang

Yao

Zhang

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

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Background Clerkship is potentially an effective measure of improving the pharmacy students’ understanding of and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care. This research aimed to validate whether clerkship schemes in China effectively improve pharmacy students’ understanding of and attitudes toward PC, and discuss on how to improve the clerkship schemes for better quality. Methods A pre-post and self-administrated questionnaire survey among three continuous years of students was conducted to measure Chinese fifth-year clinical pharmacy students’ differences in understanding of pharmaceutical care and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care before and after their clerkship schemes. Statistical analysis was conducted on the retrieved data. Results 602 respondents completed the post-part survey (drop rate= 1.8%). Correct rates of all statements regarding students’ understanding of pharmaceutical care were generally increased, but the rates of respondents holding correct understanding of the primary goal of pharmaceutical care (71.9% to 85.0%), the necessity of drug information support in pharmaceutical care (77.1% to 87.5%) and the patients’ role and duty when receiving pharmaceutical care (66.1% to 70.6%) were unsatisfactory before the clerkship and the improvement was not significant. Most statements regarding students’ attitudes toward pharmaceutical care were improved in general. However, rates of respondents holding negative attitudes toward students performing pharmaceutical care during their clerkship (3.7% to 7.5%) and choosing pharmaceutical care provider as their career after clerkship schemes (10.8% to 14.8%) had increased after the clerkship schemes. Conclusion Clerkship generally improves clinical pharmacy students' understanding of and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care, yet adjustments are also required in some contents of the clerkship for further improvements in its outcomes.

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Sustainable Implementation of Physician-Pharmacist Collaborative Clinics for Diabetes Management in Primary Healthcare Centers: A Qualitative Study

Xiao,

Huang,

Wang

et al. 2024

J Epidemiol Glob Health

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Background Although physician-pharmacist collaborative clinics for diabetes management have been shown to be effective and cost-effective worldwide, there is limited understanding of the factors that influence their sustainable implementation. This study aims to identify the associated factors and provide sustainability strategy to better implement physician-pharmacist collaborative clinics for diabetes management in primary healthcare centers in China. Methods A sample of 43 participants were participated in face-to-face, in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to identify facilitators and barriers to implementing physician-pharmacist collaborative clinics for diabetes management in primary healthcare centers, and to explore discriminating factors between low and high implementation units. A sustainable strategy repository based on dynamic sustainability framework was established to inform further implementation. Results This study demonstrated that clear recognition of intervention benefits, urgent needs of patients, adaptive and tailored plan, highly collaborative teamwork and leadership support were the major facilitators, while the major barriers included process complexity, large number and poor health literacy of patients in primary areas, inappropriate staffing arrangements, weak financial incentives and inadequate staff competencies. Six constructs were identified to distinguish between high and low implementation units. Sixteen strategies were developed to foster the implementation of physician-pharmacist collaborative clinics, targeting Intervention, Practice setting, and Ecological system. Conclusion This qualitative study demonstrated facilitators and barriers to implementing physician-pharmacist collaborative clinics for diabetes management in primary healthcare centers and developed theory-based strategies for further promotion, which has the potential to improve the management of diabetes and other chronic diseases in under-resourced areas.

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A national survey of clinical pharmacy services in county hospitals in China

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Current status of clinical pharmacy workforce, services and clinical pharmacist recruitment in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Current status of clinical pharmacy workforce, services and clinical pharmacist recruitment in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Do Clerkship Schemes effectively improve Pharmacy Students’ Understanding of and Attitudes Regarding Pharmaceutical Care?——A pre-post Study in China Pharmaceutical University

Sustainable Implementation of Physician-Pharmacist Collaborative Clinics for Diabetes Management in Primary Healthcare Centers: A Qualitative Study

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