A National Study of the Financial Implications of Community College Baccalaureate Adoption

Ortagus, Justin C.; Hu, Xiaodan

doi:10.1080/00221546.2020.1738163

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The authors note that the increase is driven by institutions at which CCB programs comprise 10% or more of their offered programs, as there was no significant effect on tuition and fee levels at institutions with a smaller proportion of CCBs. In a subsequent study, the authors note a significant decrease in the relative share of revenue derived from local and state appropriations for CCB‐adopting institutions ranging from approximately 2.5% to 3% (Ortagus & Hu, 2020); meanwhile, institutional reliance on tuition and fee revenue increased by approximately 1.5% to 2%.…”

Section: What We Knowmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Moreover, the addition of baccalaureate‐level education may necessitate certain changes in institutional behavior, including faculty and staff recruitment and expectations, increased investment in institutional resources, and shifts in student programming (Floyd & Skolnik, 2019). Research also suggests the costs associated with such changes may be driving community colleges to alter their financial behavior (Ortagus & Hu, 2019, 2020).…”

Section: What We Knowmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An update on the impacts of the community college baccalaureate

Wright-Kim

2021

New Drctns Community Coll

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Since their initial development in the early 1900s, and their rapid growth in the 1960s, community colleges have had a history of shifting focuses and programming, retooling academic offerings, and otherwise altering their behavior to meet the ever‐changing needs of their communities. Despite this defining characteristic as a sector of change, not every shift in institutional behavior has been met with approval. One such hotly debated expansion that is quickly spreading through the sector is the community college baccalaureate (CCB). This article briefly outlines the (mis)perceptions surrounding the community college baccalaureate landscape before providing an update on the rapidly growing body of research exploring the impact of CCBs on student access, institutional behavior, and workforce development. The article concludes with implications for practice and policy.

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Section: What We Knowmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: What We Knowmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on the impacts of the community college baccalaureate

Wright-Kim

2021

New Drctns Community Coll

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“…Like others (e.g., Kelchen, 2018), I also include state-level measures of political partisanship of governorships and legislative bodies shown to influence tuition levels and the availability of financial aid for prospective students. I include a series of population demographics (e.g., age) at county- and state-levels that may influence the level and characteristics of community college enrollment (Dowd & Shieh, 2014; Grawe, 2018; Ortagus & Hu, 2019, 2020). Table 1 provides descriptive statistics of outcome and control variables.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Offering Baccalaureate Degrees on Institutional Enrollment in Community Colleges

Wright-Kim

2022

Community College Review

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Objective: The community college sector plays a vital role in broadening access to education and helping states meet their workforce needs. An emerging trend and potential lever to better achieve these goals is the community college baccalaureate or CCB. Yet, opponents wonder whether CCBs may lead community colleges to abandon their traditional logics. This study attempts to help address this question. Methods: Using institution-level panel data, I employ various difference-in-difference approaches to estimate the impact of CCB adoption on overall enrollment levels, as well as the enrollment of historically underrepresented student populations. Results: I find that CCB adoption leads to significant increases in overall student enrollment; these results are robust to alternative specifications and control groups. Yet, enrollment-related impacts vary by selected student populations. I find no consistent evidence that CCB adoption shifts community colleges away from their commitment to underrepresented students, though there may be a tipping point not yet reached by current levels of CCB adoption. Contributions: These findings have important implications for policy and practice as institutional leaders and policy makers continue to debate, adopt, and implement baccalaureate programing at the community college level.

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“…Additional research has shown that CCB adoption has a positive influence on overall associate degree production (Ortagus et al, 2019). Recent work has also examined the financial implications of CCB degree programs, finding that CCB-adopting institutions increase their tuition and fees (Ortagus & Hu, 2019) and decrease their reliance on appropriations (Ortagus & Hu, 2020). Although the stated purpose of CCB adoption is to expand access to bachelor’s degrees to better serve the local community’s workforce needs, extant literature lacks any empirical study of the extent to which CCB adoption may cut into the market share of nearby 4-year institutions rather than expand access to bachelor’s degrees offered within a given state.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competing for Bachelor’s Degrees: Are Community Colleges Cutting Into the Market Share of 4-Year Institutions?

Kramer

Ortagus

Donovan

2020

American Educational Research Journal

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To address local workforce needs and expand access to affordable bachelor’s degrees, some states allow community colleges to offer bachelor’s degree programs. Despite concerns that community college baccalaureate (CCB) programs will duplicate efforts and cut into the market share of nearby 4-year institutions, extant literature has yet to examine the impact of CCB adoption on bachelor’s degree program enrollment and bachelor’s degree production at 4-year institutions. Using program-level data, our findings show that local CCB degree programs have a negative effect on overall bachelor’s degree enrollment and bachelor’s degree production at 4-year institutions, but this effect is concentrated primarily within for-profit 4-year institutions. This study represents the first comprehensive evaluation of the impact of CCB degree programs on neighboring 4-year institutions.

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A National Study of the Financial Implications of Community College Baccalaureate Adoption

Cited by 10 publications

References 71 publications

An update on the impacts of the community college baccalaureate

An update on the impacts of the community college baccalaureate

The Impact of Offering Baccalaureate Degrees on Institutional Enrollment in Community Colleges

Competing for Bachelor’s Degrees: Are Community Colleges Cutting Into the Market Share of 4-Year Institutions?

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