A National Study of Gender-Based Occupational Segregation in Municipal Bureaucracies: Persistence of Glass Walls?

The Impact of Innovation on Job Satisfaction: Evidence from U.S. Federal Agencies

“…Third, this study includes dichotomous variables of agency categories to examine the relationship between agency characteristics and job satisfaction, as well as between agency category with innovation and job satisfaction. According to Lowi (1985) and Newman (1994), we include three dichotomous agency categories: distributive, regulatory, and redistributive agency categories, setting constituent agency as a base group in this analysis (Miller, Kerr, & Reid, 1999). Table 1 describes the general characteristics and the number of each agency category in the federal organizations.…”

As Mulheres Estão Quebrando as Três Paredes De Vidro? Um Estudo Com Empreendedoras Mineiras

“…O referencial teórico explora as barreiras encontradas por mulheres empreendedoras a partir de Jonathan (2005;2011). Além disso, trata de uma terminologia bastante utilizada para conceituar as barreiras na área da administração: Glass Ceiling (Steil, 1997;Mota Santos, Tanure, Carvalho Neto, 2014;Carvalho Neto, Tanure, Mota-Santos, 2014) e explora outra terminologia pouco retratada pela literatura: Glass Walls (Miller, Kerr, Reid, 1999). Para o tratamento dos dados, foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo.…”

“…Este termo trata das dificuldades na mobilidade horizontal feminina dentro das organizações (MILLER, KERR;REID, 1999).…”

Role models, women's leadership and careers of women in the management of professional baseball.

“…A similar idea to the glass ceiling was introduced by Miller, Kerr, and Reid, (1999) who explained occupational segregation attributed to employment barriers that restrict women's access to certain types of jobs (or agencies), or may trap them within certain types of jobs (or agencies), as a "glass wall" (Miller, et al, 1999, p. 1). Eagly and Carli (2007) used the term labyrinth as a more appropriate symbol than the glass wall to measure women's leadership situations.…”

“…In other words, it is not an explicit practice. Similar to the glass celling, Miller, Kerr, and Reid, (1999) explained the situation describing occupational segregation attributed to employment barriers that restrict the access of women to certain types of jobs or that trap them within certain types of jobs as a "glass wall" (Miller, Kerr, Reid, 1999, p1). Glass walls are likely to persist when (a) organizational cultures create impediments to change, and/or (b) skills necessary to perform jobs in a given agency are not highly valued elsewhere (Miller, Kerr, Reid, 1999).…”