A nanoemulsion-based nanogel of Citrus limon essential oil with leishmanicidal activity against Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major

Zarenezhad, Elham; Agholi, Mahmoud; Ghanbariasad, Ali; Ranjbar, Ali Mohammad; Osanloo, Mahmoud

doi:10.1007/s12639-020-01318-1

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, low viscosity is their only challenge for topical drug delivery. Nanoemulsionbased nanogels have thus been introduced as a promising dosage form in topical drug delivery; they exploit the advantages of nanoemulsion and improve their viscosity and stability [42,43]. Nowadays, nanogels have been widely used to improve the topical delivery of hydrophobic drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel containing Mentha pulegium essential oil: cytotoxicity on human melanoma cells and effects on apoptosis regulator genes

Azadi

Osanloo

Zarenezhad

et al. 2023

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background Topical drug delivery using nanoemulsions and nanogels is a promising approach to treating skin disorders such as melanoma. Methods In this study, the chemical composition of Mentha pulegium essential oil with five major compounds, including pulegone (68.11%), l-menthone (8.83%), limonene (2.90%), iso-pulegone (2.69%), and iso-menthone (1.48%) was first identified using GC-MS (Gas chromatography–Mass Spectrometry) analysis. Afterward, a nano-scaled emulsion containing the essential oil with a droplet size of 7.70 ± 1 nm was prepared. Nanogel containing the essential oil was then prepared by adding (2% w/v) carboxymethyl cellulose to the nano-scaled emulsion. Moreover, the successful loading of M. pulegium essential oil in the nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel was confirmed using ATR-FTIR (Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier Transform InfraRed) analysis. Then, human A375 melanoma cells were treated with different concentrations of samples, the MTT assay evaluated cell viability, and cell apoptosis was confirmed by flow cytometry. In addition, the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, including Bax and Bcl-2, was evaluated using the qPCR (quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique. Results The results showed that cell viability was reduced by 90 and 45% after treatment with 300 μg/mL of the nanogel and nano-scaled emulsion. As confirmed by flow cytometry, this effect was mediated by apoptosis. Furthermore, gene expression analysis showed up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 genes. Therefore, the prepared nanogel, with high efficacy, could be considered a potent anticancer agent for supplementary medicine and in vivo research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel containing Mentha pulegium essential oil: cytotoxicity on human melanoma cells and effects on apoptosis regulator genes

Azadi

Osanloo

Zarenezhad

et al. 2023

BMC Complement Med Ther

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“…There are also other species of the genus Mentha with antileishmanial properties on promastigotes of various species of Leishmania . EOs from M. australis and M. microphylla have antileishmanial effects on L. major [ 40 ], M. pulegium on L. major , L. infantum and L. tropica [ 41 ], M. x piperita on L. infantum and L. donovani [ 42 , 43 ], and M. cervina on L. infantum [ 42 , 44 ]. However, none of the mentioned EOs had piperitenone oxide as a major component.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Trypanosomatidae Activity of Essential Oils and Their Main Components from Selected Medicinal Plants

et al. 2023

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Kinetoplastida is a group of flagellated protozoa characterized by the presence of a kinetoplast, a structure which is part of a large mitochondria and contains DNA. Parasites of this group include genera such as Leishmania, that cause disease in humans and animals, and Phytomonas, that are capable of infecting plants. Due to the lack of treatments, the low efficacy, or the high toxicity of the employed therapeutic agents there is a need to seek potential alternative treatments. In the present work, the antiparasitic activity on Leishmania infantum and Phytomonas davidi of 23 essential oils (EOs) from plants of the Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families, extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) at laboratory scale and steam distillation (SD) in a pilot plant, were evaluated. The chemical compositions of the EOs were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Additionally, the cytotoxic activity on mammalian cells of the major components from the most active EOs was evaluated, and their anti-Phytomonas and anti-Leishmania effects analyzed. L. infantum was more sensitive to the EOs than P. davidi. The EOs with the best anti-kinetoplastid activity were S. montana, T. vulgaris, M. suaveolens, and L. luisieri. Steam distillation increased the linalyl acetate, β-caryophyllene, and trans-α-necrodyl acetate contents of the EOs, and decreased the amount of borneol and 1,8 cineol. The major active components of the EOs were tested, with thymol being the strongest anti-Phytomonas compound followed by carvacrol. Our study identified potential treatments against kinetoplastids.

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“…The spontaneous emulsification approach was used to prepare water in the oil microemulsion of Vit‐C (Zarenezhad et al., 2020). A stock solution of Vit‐C (25% w/v) was prepared using distilled water as the water phase.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the oxidative stability of virgin olive oil using microformulated vitamin‐C

Osanloo

Jamali

Nematollahi

2021

Food Science & Nutrition

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This study aims to improve the oxidative stability of olive oil using microformulated vitamin‐C (Vit‐C). The microemulsion containing 10,000 µg/ml Vit‐C with a droplet size of 1,000 ± 68 nm was first prepared. Free radical scavenging of olive oil and olive oil containing blank microemulsion, different amounts of formulated Vit‐C (100–500 µg/ml), and TBHQ (100 and 200 µg/ml as a standard antioxidant) was around 90% during 21 days of incubation at 60°C. The oxidative stability of the mentioned samples during incubation was investigated using the rancimat test, and their quality criteria analysis was studied by peroxide and the acid values. Results showed that the sample's acid value containing 500 µg/ml of Vit‐C did not show significant differences (p < .05) with samples containing TBHQ. However, samples containing TBHQ's peroxide value were significant (p < .05) lower than samples containing 500 µg/ml of Vit‐C. Furthermore, the induction time of samples containing 500 µg/ml of Vit‐C was significantly (p < .05) higher than other treatments during incubation. Thus, the prepared microemulsion could be used as a natural antioxidant in the oil industry instead of harmful synthetic TBHQ.

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A nanoemulsion-based nanogel of Citrus limon essential oil with leishmanicidal activity against Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel containing Mentha pulegium essential oil: cytotoxicity on human melanoma cells and effects on apoptosis regulator genes

Nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel containing Mentha pulegium essential oil: cytotoxicity on human melanoma cells and effects on apoptosis regulator genes

Anti-Trypanosomatidae Activity of Essential Oils and Their Main Components from Selected Medicinal Plants

Improving the oxidative stability of virgin olive oil using microformulated vitamin‐C

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