A Nanocellulose Polypyrrole Composite Based on Microfibrillated Cellulose from Wood

Abstract

It is demonstrated that it is possible to coat the individual fibers of wood-based nanocellulose with polypyrrole using in situ chemical polymerization to obtain an electrically conducting continuous high-surface-area composite. The experimental results indicate that the high surface area of the water dispersed material, to a large extent, is maintained upon normal drying without the use of any solvent exchange. Thus, the employed chemical polymerization of polypyrrole on the microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) nanofibers in the hydrogel gives rise to a composite, the structure of which—unlike that of uncoated MFC paper—does not collapse upon drying. The dry composite has a surface area of ∼90 m2/g and a conductivity of ∼1.5 S/cm, is electrochemically active, and exhibits an ion-exchange capacity for chloride ions of 289 C/g corresponding to a specific capacity of 80 mAh/g. The straightforwardness of the fabrication of the present nanocellulose composites should significantly facilitate industrial manufacturing of highly porous, electroactive conductive paper materials for applications including ion-exchange and paper-based energy storage devices.

Intrinsically flexible electronic materials for smart device applications

“…Addition of plasticizer also resulted in layered structure as shown in Figure S7 in SI. PPy powder was synthesised as presented in literature 20 showing cauliflower structure 21 but the individual particles were in nano sizes. Table 1 is presented in Figure S4 -S8 in the SI.…”

Recent advances in conjugated polymer energy storage

“…Cellulose is another popular flexible substrate due to its industrial importance, high surface area, and economic sources such as bacteria or wood. 1,5,192,[209][210][211][212][213] Milczarek and Ingan€ as 64 have reported a cathode composed of polypyrrole and lignin, which, unlike cellulose, has electrochemically active components as part of its complex structure. Fabric substrates have also drawn interest due to the potential for wearable electronics.…”

Smart Window Technologies: Electrochromics and Nanocellulose thin film Membranes and Devices

“…But, each of these cellulose fibers that make up this paper consists of millions of nanofibrils cellulose (NFC) with diameter of ~4 nm and length of ~2 mm [120]. Now disintegrating these nanofibrils using high pressure in a solution and reforming the paper without the solvent as a membrane is called nanopaper [123][124][125]. As the diameter of the NFCs is smaller than the wavelength of visible light, nanopaper is highly transparent and the light scattering effect is significantly reduced compared to the regular paper.…”