A mutational analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans in space

Zhao, Yang; Lai, Kenneth; Cheung, Iris; Youds, Jillian L.; Tarailo, Maja; Tarailo, Sanja; Rose, Ann M.

doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2006.05.001

Cited by 43 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We also confirmed the same results as Nelson found: protons and gamma rays have different effects on C. elegans gene pattern through GO analysis. Short term (10 d) exposure to actual space radiation and microgravity on ICE-FIRST revealed that apoptosis proceeds normally [9] and that no significant increase in the rate of mutation occurs [10]. Decreased levels of myogenic transcription factor were observed [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The effects on nematodes that were grown for 3 -4 generations in CeMM media and in space for 10 d were analyzed. In this experiment, space-faring animals underwent normal development, apoptosis [9], and DNA repair [10], but experienced altered muscle development [11]. Because it can sustain a high degree of radiation damage, C. elegans can be used as a potential biological dosimeter [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Effect of Space Radiations on the Nematode, <i> Caenorhabditis elegans </i>, through the Simulated Space Radiation

Yi¹,

Kim²,

Song³

2013

IJAA

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In this study, we simulated space flight of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, on the ground and examined how it is affected by space radiation and G-forces. We simulated G-forces during launch in a gravity acceleration laboratory device in order to identify and isolate the effects of the G-forces. Following this, we irradiated C. elegans with accelerated protons (MC-50 Cyclotron) and gamma rays (iR 222 machine) at the same physical dose. We calculated the expected radiation dose according to Reitz [1] and simulation programs (NASA AP8MIN [2], NASA AE8MAX [2], and CREAM86 [3]) for 1 month (dose rate: 6 × 10 −3 Gy; 2.8 × 10 −2 Gy), 6 months (dose rate: 36 × 10 −3 Gy; 16.8 × 10 −2 Gy), and 2 years (dose rate: 144 × 10 −3 Gy; 67.2 × 10 −2 Gy) of space flight. There have been several trials that aimed to take C. elegans into orbit on US space shuttle missions including a mission on the shuttle Columbia. In this study, we simulated longer duration space flights and performed a whole-genome microarray analysis to observe phenotype variations whereas most such experiments were carried out during short duration space flights and focused on mutations and genotypic variations. We expect that the results of this study will be useful to predict the effects of long-term exposure of space radiation on living organisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Effect of Space Radiations on the Nematode, <i> Caenorhabditis elegans </i>, through the Simulated Space Radiation

Yi¹,

Kim²,

Song³

2013

IJAA

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“…4 The mycelia growth of fungi on PDA medium gravity to cause significant changes. Zhao et al [35] thought a 11-day spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS) was not long enough to cause significant effects on the worms. Second, the literature showed that spaceflight induced mutation was dependent on different varieties [36], speculating that the filamentous fungi G. moniliformis EZG0807 was insensitive to the gravity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Simulated Space Gravity Environment on Gibberella moniliformis EZG0807

et al. 2012

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To determine the feasibility of inducing mutation for Gibberella moniliformis EZG0807 with a superconducting magnet, this paper investigated the effects of this instrument on the filamentous fungus G. moniliformis EZG0807. The superconducting magnet could simulate space gravity environment from hypo-gravity (0 g) to hyper-gravity (2 g). After G. moniliformis EZG0807 was exposed to the superconducting magnet for 72 h, the morphological observation, agar diffusion method, and amplified fragment length polymorphism were performed to detect the mutagenic effects in the aspect of morphology, the activity of metabolites, and genomic DNA, respectively. The mutant strain M7212 in 1 g (16 T) was different from the control in the morphology, showing no activity against the four tested bacteria Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Proteus vulgaris, and lost a size of 675 bp band on the genomic DNA. These results indicated that the superconducting magnet could be used to induce mutation for G. moniliformis EZG0807, which enabled improving the production of G. moniliformis EZG0807 and providing an effective approach for fungal breeding.

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“…Nevertheless, although a number of spaceflight stresses have been previously assessed, some of the findings are inconclusive. For example, earlier studies have suggested that cosmic radiation can cause an increased rate of mutations in C. elegans (Nelson et al, 1994;Hartman et al, 2001), but no significant difference in mutation rate was found in another spaceflight study (Zhao et al, 2006). Also, a decreased expression of myogenic transcription factors and myosin heavy chains has been detected, but no significant abnormality in muscle development was observed in C. elegans after spaceflight (Higashibata et al, 2006;Selch et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Reproductive and Locomotory Capacities of Caenorhabditis elegans Were Not Affected by Simulated Variable Gravities and Spaceflight During the Shenzhou-8 Mission

et al. 2013

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Reproduction and locomotion are essential features of animals that help to facilitate their interaction with the surrounding environment. Previous studies have produced inconsistent results on behavioral response to spaceflight by the model animal Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in liquid culture. Using standard agar-based nematode growth medium (NGM), we show here that both reproductive and locomotory capacities of C. elegans were not significantly changed by centrifuge-produced hypergravity or clinostat-simulated microgravity. To investigate the effect of actual spaceflight on C. elegans, a nematode test unit was specifically designed to maintain its normal growth on solid NGM slides and to allow automatic RNA fixation on board the Shenzhou-8 spaceflight. We did not detect alteration in either brood size of immediate progenies from postflight nematodes or locomotory behavior, including speed of locomotion, frequency of reversals, and rate of body bends of spaceflown nematodes collected directly from nematode test units. Our results provide clear evidence that the nematode test unit is an appropriate apparatus for nematode growth on standard NGM and can be used for onorbit analysis of C. elegans, including onboard RNA fixation for molecular analysis and real-time video acquisition for behavioral analysis, which are critical for further studies in unmanned spaceflight and outer space exploration.

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A mutational analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans in space

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

Analysis of the Effect of Space Radiations on the Nematode, <i> Caenorhabditis elegans </i>, through the Simulated Space Radiation

Analysis of the Effect of Space Radiations on the Nematode, <i> Caenorhabditis elegans </i>, through the Simulated Space Radiation

Effect of Simulated Space Gravity Environment on Gibberella moniliformis EZG0807

Reproductive and Locomotory Capacities of Caenorhabditis elegans Were Not Affected by Simulated Variable Gravities and Spaceflight During the Shenzhou-8 Mission

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A mutational analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans in space

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

Analysis of the Effect of Space Radiations on the Nematode, &lt;i&gt; Caenorhabditis elegans &lt;/i&gt;, through the Simulated Space Radiation

Analysis of the Effect of Space Radiations on the Nematode, &lt;i&gt; Caenorhabditis elegans &lt;/i&gt;, through the Simulated Space Radiation

Effect of Simulated Space Gravity Environment on Gibberella moniliformis EZG0807

Reproductive and Locomotory Capacities of Caenorhabditis elegans Were Not Affected by Simulated Variable Gravities and Spaceflight During the Shenzhou-8 Mission

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Analysis of the Effect of Space Radiations on the Nematode, <i> Caenorhabditis elegans </i>, through the Simulated Space Radiation

Analysis of the Effect of Space Radiations on the Nematode, <i> Caenorhabditis elegans </i>, through the Simulated Space Radiation