A mutation that changes cell movement and cell fate in the zebrafish embryo

Kimmel, Charles B.; Kane, Donald A.; Walker, Charline; Warga, Rachel M.; Rothman, Mary B.

doi:10.1038/337358a0

Cited by 238 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…spadetail mutant embryos are severely deficient in trunk mesoderm (Kimmel et al, 1989). Tail development, however, is relatively unaffected, apart from the accumulation of mesoderm cells at the tail tip for which the mutant is named.…”

Section: T-box Genes Regulate Paraxial Mesoderm Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

T‐box genes in early embryogenesis

Showell

Binder

Conlon

2003

Developmental Dynamics

266

229

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Section: T-box Genes Regulate Paraxial Mesoderm Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

T‐box genes in early embryogenesis

Showell

Binder

Conlon

2003

Developmental Dynamics

266

229

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“…WT embryos were from the AB* line. The spt b104 , ntl b160 , and ntl b195 alleles were used (11,20,24,29). To analyze additive effects of mutant alleles on MyoD expression, genotyping with allele-specific primers was performed on tissue removed before in situ hybridization (see Supporting Materials and Methods).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Null mutations of ntl or spt are fully recessive mutations that primarily affect different regions of the mesoderm (11,20,24,29,36). Whereas ntl mutants lack notochord and posterior mesoderm, spt mutants produce notochord and generate posterior mesoderm in which both somites and notochord are formed in the tail.…”

Section: Ntl and Spt Contribute Additive Functions To Mesoderm Develomentioning

confidence: 99%

An interacting network of T-box genes directs gene expression and fate in the zebrafish mesoderm

Goering

Hoshijima

Hug

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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T-box genes encode transcription factors that play critical roles in generating the vertebrate body plan. In many developmental fields, multiple T-box genes are expressed in overlapping domains, establishing broad regions in which different combinations of T-box genes are coexpressed. Here we demonstrate that three T-box genes expressed in the zebrafish mesoderm, no tail, spadetail, and tbx6, operate as a network of interacting genes to regulate region-specific gene expression and developmental fate. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function genetic analyses reveal three kinds of interactions among the T-box genes: combinatorial interactions that generate new regulatory functions, additive contributions to common developmental pathways, and competitive antagonism governing downstream gene expression. We propose that T-box genes, like Hox genes, often function within gene networks comprised of related family members.

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“…AXPC and PAPC show mutually exclusive speci¢c cell adhesion properties in dissociation, reaggregation and sorting out studies. Expression of a secreted, extracellular domain of PAPC has a dominant negative e¡ect and disrupts convergence of paraxial mesoderm into the normal somite ¢les of Xenopus, mimicking to some degree the defects of somitic mesoderm convergence seen in the e¡ect of the mutation spadetail in the zebra¢sh (Kimmel et al 1989). The dominant negative PAPC disrupts elongation of animal cap explants induced with activin, but the normal PAPC potentiates expression of convergent extension movements and adoption of the elongate shape typical of the intercalating mesodermal cells in animal caps treated with subthreshold levels of activin .…”

Section: Convergence and Extension By Cell Intercalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of convergence and extension by cell intercalation

Keller

Davidson

Edlund

et al. 2000

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

464

401

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The cells of many embryonic tissues actively narrow in one dimension (convergence) and lengthen in the perpendicular dimension (extension). Convergence and extension are ubiquitous and important tissue movements in metazoan morphogenesis. In vertebrates, the dorsal axial and paraxial mesodermal tissues, the notochordal and somitic mesoderm, converge and extend. In amphibians as well as a number of other organisms where these movements appear, they occur by mediolateral cell intercalation, the rearrangement of cells along the mediolateral axis to produce an array that is narrower in this axis and longer in the anteroposterior axis. In amphibians, mesodermal cell intercalation is driven by bipolar, mediolaterally directed protrusive activity, which appears to exert traction on adjacent cells and pulls the cells between one another. In addition, the notochordal^somitic boundary functions in convergence and extension bỳ capturing' notochordal cells as they contact the boundary, thus elongating the boundary. The prospective neural tissue also actively converges and extends parallel with the mesoderm. In contrast to the mesoderm, cell intercalation in the neural plate normally occurs by monopolar protrusive activity directed medially, towards the midline notoplate^£oor-plate region. In contrast, the notoplate^£oor-plate region appears to converge and extend by adhering to and being towed by or perhaps migrating on the underlying notochord. Converging and extending mesoderm sti¡ens by a factor of three or four and exerts up to 0.6 m N force. Therefore, active, force-producing convergent extension, the mechanism of cell intercalation, requires a mechanism to actively pull cells between one another while maintaining a tissue sti¡ness su¤cient to push with a substantial force. Based on the evidence thus far, a cell^cell traction model of intercalation is described. The essential elements of such a morphogenic machine appear to be (i) bipolar, mediolaterally orientated or monopolar, medially directed protrusive activity; (ii) this protrusive activity results in mediolaterally orientated or medially directed traction of cells on one another; (iii) tractive protrusions are con¢ned to the ends of the cells; (iv) a mechanically stable cell cortex over the bulk of the cell body which serves as a movable substratum for the orientated or directed cell traction. The implications of this model for cell adhesion, regulation of cell motility and cell polarity, and cell and tissue biomechanics are discussed.

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A mutation that changes cell movement and cell fate in the zebrafish embryo

Cited by 238 publications

References 18 publications

T‐box genes in early embryogenesis

T‐box genes in early embryogenesis

An interacting network of T-box genes directs gene expression and fate in the zebrafish mesoderm

Mechanisms of convergence and extension by cell intercalation

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