A mutation that affects female and male germ cells differentially in Drosophila melanogaster meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

King, Robert C.; Bahns, Mary; Horowitz, Richard; Larramendi, Paloma

doi:10.1016/s0020-7322(78)80025-7

Cited by 40 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We know from earlier studies [2] that in otu' homozygotes the frequency of C-type ovarioles rises dramatically with age, and in otu510tu2 and otu'lotu4 females ovarioles show more developmentally advanced chambers with time [5]. Taken together these data demonstrate that the QTPO values can vary as a function of age in females of certain genotypes.…”

Section: Allelic Differences In Ovarian Aging Responsessupporting

confidence: 52%

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Complementation between alleles at the ovarian tumor locus of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 1986

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The (ovarian tumor) otu gene resides at 23.2 on the genetic map of the X chromosome and near 7F1 on the cytological map. This germ line-expressed locus behaves as if it encodes a gene product which is required during certain steps in the transformation of oogonia into functional oocytes. On the basis of their ovarian morphologies 17 ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)-induced mutants have been distributed among three developmental classes as follows: quiescent (eight), oncogenic (four), and differentiated (five). The otu13 and otu14 alleles interact to yield fertile females, and many other heteroallelic combinations show partial complementation. Since many mutant alleles interact beneficially, the functional product of the otu gene may be a multimer. We conclude, from an analysis of heteroallelic interactions and dosage effects, that the abnormal phenotypes observed are graded consequences of reduced levels of functional gene product and that the minimum concentration required for development increases as oogenesis proceeds.

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Section: Allelic Differences In Ovarian Aging Responsessupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Data from earlier experiments placed otu' at 22.7 f 0.5 on the genetic map and within subdivisions 7EF of the cytological map [2]. Our observation that all The ovaries from 21-day-old females homozygous for om2 or alleles of otu are uncovered by Df(Z)KA14 narrows the cytological position further to 7F.…”

Section: The Localization Of Otumentioning

confidence: 51%

Complementation between alleles at the ovarian tumor locus of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 1986

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“…Embryonic expression of the ovarian tumor loci ovo and otu are known to be required during larval and adult stages for proper female germ cell sexual identity (King et al, 1978;Oliver et al, 1987;Pauli et al, 1993), and ovo is also thought to regulate otu expression (Lu et al, 1998). To determine whether these genes also play a role when germline sexual identity is established in the embryo, in situ hybridizations were preformed for these genes on sexed embryos.…”

Section: Role Of Female Germline Sex Determination Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Sxl expression is not sufficient to feminize XY germ cells, indicating that it does not act as a master switch in the germline, as it does in the soma (Hager and Cline, 1997). How X-chromosome number determines sexual identity in the germline is still not known, although the genes ovo and ovarian tumor (otu) are thought to act to promote female germline identity (King et al, 1978;Oliver et al, 1987;Pauli et al, 1993). Adult females, mutant for these genes, exhibit ovarian germline tumors similar to those observed following the transplantation of male germ cells into a female soma, indicating that the germ cells have been masculinized (reviewed by Casper and Van Doren, 2006;Hempel et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The establishment of sexual identity in theDrosophilagermline

Casper

Doren

2009

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The establishment of sexual identity is a crucial step of germ cell development in sexually reproducing organisms. Sex determination in the germline is controlled differently than in the soma, and often depends on communication from the soma. To investigate how sexual identity is established in the Drosophila germline, we first conducted a molecular screen for genes expressed in a sex-specific manner in embryonic germ cells. Sex-specific expression of these genes is initiated at the time of gonad formation (stage 15), indicating that sexual identity in the germline is established by this time. Experiments where the sex of the soma was altered relative to that of the germline (by manipulating transformer) reveal a dominant role for the soma in regulating initial germline sexual identity. Germ cells largely take on the sex of the surrounding soma, although the sex chromosome constitution of the germ cells still plays some role at this time. The male soma signals to the germline through the JAK/STAT pathway, while the nature of the signal from the female soma remains unknown. We also find that the genes ovo and ovarian tumor (otu) are expressed in a female-specific manner in embryonic germ cells, consistent with their role in promoting female germline identity. However, removing the function of ovo and otu, or reducing germline function of Sex lethal, had little effect on establishment of germline sexual identity. This is consistent with our findings that signals from the soma are dominant over germline autonomous cues at the initial stage of germline sex determination.

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“…The fusome comprises membrane skeletal proteins such as the α-and β-spectrins, ankyrin, the adducinlike HtsF (the fusome specific product of the hu-li tai shao gene) (Yue and Spradling, 1992), Bam (bag-of-marbles) (McKearin and Ohlstein, 1995), TER94 (León and McKearin, 1999), and motor molecules such as cytoplasmic dynein encoded by the Dhc64C gene (McGrail and Hays, 1997). Mutations in the genes hts (Yue and Spradling, 1992), α-spectrin (de Cuevas et al, 1996), ovarian tumour (King et al, 1978) and Dhc64C (McGrail and Hays, 1997) disrupt the fusome, leading to formation of a cyst with an abnormal number of germ cells and the failure of any cystocyte to acquire oocyte identity. Thus, the fusome is required for the formation of a polarised 16-cell cyst and for oocyte specification, and fulfils this function by its regular and polarised growth throughout the stem cell and cyst cell cycles (Lin et al, 1994;Knowles and Cooley, 1994;Deng and Lin, 1997;de Cuevas and Spradling, 1998;Grieder et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbit/Mast, the CLASP orthologue ofDrosophila, is required for asymmetric stem cell and cystocyte divisions and development of the polarised microtubule network that interconnects oocyte and nurse cells during oogenesis

et al. 2003

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Drosophila oocyte differentiation is preceded by the formation of a polarised 16-cell cyst from a single progenitor stem cell as a result of four rounds of asymmetric mitosis followed by incomplete cytokinesis. We show that the Orbit/Mast microtubule-associated protein is required at several stages in the formation of such polarised 16-cell cysts. In wild-type cysts, the Orbit/Mast protein not only associates with the mitotic spindle and its poles, but also with the central spindle (spindle remnant), ring canal and fusome, suggesting it participates in interactions between these structures. In orbit mutants, the stem cells and their associated fusomes are eventually lost as Orbit/Mast protein is depleted. The mitotic spindles of those cystocytes that do divide are either diminutive or monopolar, and do not make contact with the fusome. Moreover, the spindle remnants and ring canals fail to differentiate correctly in such cells and the structure of fusome is compromised. The Orbit/Mast protein thus appears to facilitate multiple interactions of the fusome with mitotic spindles and ring canals. This ensures correct growth of the fusome into a branched asymmetrically distributed organelle that is pre-determinative of 16-cell cyst formation and oocyte fate specification. Finally the Orbit/Mast protein is required during mid-oogenesis for the organisation of the polarised microtubule network inside the 16-cell cyst that ensures oocyte differentiation. The localisation of CLIP-190 to such microtubules and to the fusome is dependent upon Orbit/Mast to which it is complexed.

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A mutation that affects female and male germ cells differentially in Drosophila melanogaster meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Cited by 40 publications

References 14 publications

Complementation between alleles at the ovarian tumor locus of Drosophila melanogaster

Complementation between alleles at the ovarian tumor locus of Drosophila melanogaster

The establishment of sexual identity in theDrosophilagermline

Orbit/Mast, the CLASP orthologue ofDrosophila, is required for asymmetric stem cell and cystocyte divisions and development of the polarised microtubule network that interconnects oocyte and nurse cells during oogenesis

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