N E of the eventual goals of genetical research is to elucidate the relation-0 ship between four unknown but discoverable characteristics of the genetic material. These might be listed as : 1 ) the type of change to which one genetic locus or area is subject (mutation) ; 2) the structural character of that locus or area; 3) the k i d s of developmental processes that are affected by changes in that localized material ; and 4) the role which a locus with such properties may play in adaptive responses to the environment and thereby its probability of incorporation in some future species or varietal genotype. If we were suddenly to gain an understanding of these relationships the genetical millenium would have arrived, and we should, as investigators, temporarily join the unemployed. But we know that such an event is not at hand, for precise knowledge of the relationship between these primary attributes is not likely to develop from the study of any one species or any single line of attack. The goal is too distant a one to give us the practical directions we need in charting our way among the detailed technical studies which form the indbpensable raw material for synthesis. Yet if we bear in mind what the end is, we shall at least be influenced in our choice of means, and choose to follow up, in the more modest ways in which experimental studies must be circumscribed, those problems and materials which offer some hope of making progress in these four problems, which show signs even now of having a single direction.It is probably some such thoughts which have encouraged us to persist over a period of yearsin the study of material which many people consider refractory and, slow but which to us presents fascinating immedliate problems and almost daily surprises on the way toward a more ambitious and distant goal. The house mouse, as bred in captivity for hundreds of years, is as everyone knows, good for breeding experiments. Four or five generations a year, if not equal to the daily or bimonthly generation period of other useful animals and