A Multivitamin Mixture Protects against Oxidative Stress-Mediated Telomere Shortening

Levy, Mark A.; Tian, Junqiang; Gandelman, Mandi; Cheng, Haojie; Tsapekos, Menelaos; Crego, Sara R; Maddela, Rolando; Sinnott, Robert

doi:10.1080/19390211.2023.2179153

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Aging and Disease • Volume 15, Number 5, October 2024 the results show that a multivitamin supplement combination guards against telomere shortening brought on by oxidative stress in cell culture [104]. A crosssectional study revealed that there was a positive correlation between vitamin C and TL.…”

Section: Inheritance Of Telomere Length and Diseasementioning

confidence: 78%

“…High vitamin intake has been linked to longer TL, while oxidative stress has been linked to shorter TL. Vitamins such as vitamin C and E are antioxidants that protect against oxidative stress and free radicals [104]. The potential to prevent telomere shortening caused by oxidative stress using a multivitamin supplement that included both vitamins and a variety of polyphenolic substances was investigated, using a primary fibroblast cell culture model to test this hypothesis [104].…”

Section: Lifestyle and Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Involvement of Inheritance in Determining Telomere Length beyond Environmental and Lifestyle Factors

Gold,

Okeke,

2023

Aging and disease

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All linear chromosomal ends have specific DNA-protein complexes called telomeres. Telomeres serve as a "molecular clock" to estimate the potential length of cell replication. Shortening of telomere length (TL) is associated with cellular senescence, aging, and various age-related diseases in humans. Here we reviewed the structure, function, and regulation of telomeres and the age-related diseases associated with telomere attrition. Among the various determinants of TL, we highlight the connection between TL and heredity to provide a new overview of genetic determinants for TL. Studies across multiple species have shown that maternal and paternal TL influence the TL of their offspring, and this may affect life span and their susceptibility to age-related diseases. Hence, we reviewed the linkage between TL and parental influences and the proposed mechanisms involved. More in-depth studies on the genetic mechanism for TL attrition are needed due to the potential application of this knowledge in human medicine to prevent premature frailty at its earliest stage, as well as promote health and longevity.

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Section: Inheritance Of Telomere Length and Diseasementioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Lifestyle and Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Inheritance in Determining Telomere Length beyond Environmental and Lifestyle Factors

Gold,

Okeke,

2023

Aging and disease

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“…Overall, it has been suggested that the repair of oxidative damage in telomeric DNA is comparatively less efficient than in other chromosome regions [126,135]. Additionally, the presence of antioxidants has been found to slow down the loss of telomeres associated with oxidative stress [136,137]. Further investigation in human subjects is necessary to better understand the specific mechanisms involved in vivo [137].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the presence of antioxidants has been found to slow down the loss of telomeres associated with oxidative stress [136,137]. Further investigation in human subjects is necessary to better understand the specific mechanisms involved in vivo [137]. In general, it has been accepted that the process of telomere shortening can be lowered through the adoption of lifestyle choices that are linked to decreased levels of oxidative stress [126,135,138,139].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between the New DNA-Methylation-Based Telomere Length Estimator, the Mediterranean Diet and Genetics in a Spanish Population at High Cardiovascular Risk

Coltell,

Asensio,

Sorlí

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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Biological aging is a relevant risk factor for chronic diseases, and several indicators for measuring this factor have been proposed, with telomere length (TL) among the most studied. Oxidative stress may regulate telomere shortening, which is implicated in the increased risk. Using a novel estimator for TL, we examined whether adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), a highly antioxidant-rich dietary pattern, is associated with longer TL. We determined TL using DNA methylation algorithms (DNAmTL) in 414 subjects at high cardiovascular risk from Spain. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed by a validated score, and genetic variants in candidate genes and at the genome-wide level were analyzed. We observed several significant associations (p < 0.05) between DNAmTL and candidate genes (TERT, TERF2, RTEL1, and DCAF4), contributing to the validity of DNAmTL as a biomarker in this population. Higher adherence to the MedDiet was associated with lower odds of having a shorter TL in the whole sample (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.85–0.99; p = 0.049 after fully multivariate adjustment). Nevertheless, this association was stronger in women than in men. Likewise, in women, we observed a direct association between adherence to the MedDiet score and DNAmTL as a continuous variable (beta = 0.015; SE: 0.005; p = 0.003), indicating that a one-point increase in adherence was related to an average increase of 0.015 ± 0.005 kb in TL. Upon examination of specific dietary items within the global score, we found that fruits, fish, “sofrito”, and whole grains exhibited the strongest associations in women. The novel score combining these items was significantly associated in the whole population. In the genome-wide association study (GWAS), we identified ten polymorphisms at the suggestive level of significance (p < 1 × 10−5) for DNAmTL (intergenics, in the IQSEC1, NCAPG2, and ABI3BP genes) and detected some gene–MedDiet modulations on DNAmTL. As this is the first study analyzing the DNAmTL estimator, genetics, and modulation by the MedDiet, more studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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“…Previous studies have reported that H3C4 is involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression [ 38 ], nucleosome assembly [ 39 ], and telomere organization [ 40 ]. Previous studies found that telomeres can maintain chromosomal stability and are associated with ageing and longevity [ 41 , 42 ]. Although tRF-Trp-CCA-014 did not affect cell senescence, it may regulate the expression level of H3C4 mRNA and protein to function in ageing; otherwise, the H3C4 isoforms of human, mouse, and fruit fly are conserved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expression Pattern of tRNA-Derived Small RNAs in Adult Drosophila and the Function of tRF-Trp-CCA-014-H3C4 Network Analysis

Yang

Xiao

Yuán

et al. 2023

IJMS

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tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are derived from tRNA and include tRNA halves (tiRNAs) and tRNA fragments (tRFs). tsRNAs have been implicated in a variety of important biological functions, such as cell growth, transcriptional regulation, and apoptosis. Emerging evidence has shown that Ago1-guided and Ago2-guided tsRNAs are expressed at 3 and 30 days in Drosophila and that tRF biogenesis in fruit flies affects tRNA processing and tRNA methylation. However, a wide analysis of tsRNA patterns in different ages of Drosophila have not been reported via the small RNA sequencing method. In the present study, tsRNAs of young (7 days) and old (42 days) Drosophila were sequenced and their expression characteristics were analysed. Then, a specific tRF (named tRF-Trp-CCA-014) was determined and was found to be conserved in fruit flies, mice, and humans. The expression patterns of tRF-Trp-CCA-014 in different tissues and stages of fruit flies and mice, and mouse NIH/3T3 cells were detected. Furthermore, mouse embryonic fibroblast NIH/3T3 cells were used as a model to analyse the function and targets of tRF-Trp-CCA-014. The RNA-seq data of six groups (Mimics, Mimic NC, Inhibitors, Inhibitor NC, Aging (adriamycin), and Control (Normal)) in mouse NIH3T3 cells were analysed. The results showed that the number of tsRNAs at 42 days (417) was more than at 7 days (288); thus, it was enriched with age. tRFs-1 were the most enriched, followed by 5′-tRFs and 3′-tRFs. Twenty-one differentially expressed tsRNAs were identified between 7 days and 42 days. Then, the conserved tRF tRF-Trp-CCA-014 was identified and found to accumulate in aged fruit flies and aged mouse NIH3T3 cells. RNA-seq data showed that most differentially expressed genes were involved in the immune system, cancer: overview, and signal translation. Furthermore, tRF-Trp-CCA-014 was found to bind to the 3′UTR of H3C4 in a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. tRF-Trp-CCA-014 and H3C4 were detected in the cytoplasm of aged NIH3T3 cells by RNA in situ hybridization. These results suggest that the H3C4 gene is the target of tRF-Trp-CCA-014. This study will advance the current understanding of tRF roles and their implication in Drosophila and mouse studies.

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A Multivitamin Mixture Protects against Oxidative Stress-Mediated Telomere Shortening

Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

Involvement of Inheritance in Determining Telomere Length beyond Environmental and Lifestyle Factors

Involvement of Inheritance in Determining Telomere Length beyond Environmental and Lifestyle Factors

Associations between the New DNA-Methylation-Based Telomere Length Estimator, the Mediterranean Diet and Genetics in a Spanish Population at High Cardiovascular Risk

The Expression Pattern of tRNA-Derived Small RNAs in Adult Drosophila and the Function of tRF-Trp-CCA-014-H3C4 Network Analysis

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