A multivariate study of determinants of vigorous exercise in a community sample

Environmental factors associated with adults' participation in physical activity A review

“…Where reported, the setting of the study is described. The earliest self-report study identified (reported by Sallis et al 19 in 1989) examined the cross-sectional relationships of variables reflecting constructs from social learning theory (self-efficacy, modeling, and family and friend support and barriers) with vigorous exercise. Items that formed a "neighborhood environment" variable were included in their study (safety and ease of exercising in the neighborhood and frequently seeing others exercise).…”

“…15,16,17,18 Others included barrier items along with items related to the existence and characteristics of physical facilities in the environment, such as the fact that they existed in participants' neighborhood or home environment or that such facilities were conveniently located. 18,19,20,21,22,23,24,29 Studies using self-report measures of environmental attributes Table 1 presents the final selection of quantitative studies examining the relationship between self-report environmental factors and physical activity among adults. For each paper, the environmental items are reported along with the scale used.…”

“…14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29 Four of the studies used objective measures of the environment, including place of residence (using postal codes), physical distance, and accessibility of facilities. 29,30,31,32 One study included both perceived and objective measures.…”

“…A relationship between home equipment and physical activity was found for most of the studies that assessed this variable. 19,21,25,26 Many of the items used in the studies were worded quite similarly (e.g., "lack of facilities" and "no facility nearby"). It may be that the number of items presented in Table 3 could have been narrowed down.…”

Examination of print and telephone channels for physical activity promotion: Rationale, design, and baseline data from Project STRIDE

“…These stages include Precontemplation (not intending to make changes), Contemplation (considering a change), Preparation (making small changes), Action (actively engaging in the behavior) and Maintenance (sustaining the change over time). In addition, aspects of Social Cognitive Theory (e.g., self-efficacy, outcome expectations) have been shown to be important factors in predicting physical activity behaviors [11,12].…”