A Multisite Electric-Discharge Diaphragm Generator of Shock Waves in a Liquid

Sankin, G. N.; Drozhzhin, A. P.; Ломанович, К. А.; Teslenko, V. S.

doi:10.1023/b:inet.0000038402.96944.eb

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…9a. The shape of the pressure profile is similar to the one presented in [19] for the diaphragm discharge. The dependence of the amplitude of the pressure peak on the applied voltage is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

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Surface Treatment of Cotton Yarn by Underwater Capillary Electrical Discharge

Nikiforov

Leys

2006

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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An alternating current (50 Hz) capillary underwater discharge in aqueous solution of NaH 2 PO 4 · 2H 2 O is used for surface treatment of cotton yarn. The capillary discharge emits of ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength range 280-340 nm (OH band). The process of bubble generation and expansion inside the capillary results in the formation of weak shock waves. The effect on cotton yarn exposed to the discharge is quantified by a liquid wicking rate test. The treatment effect strongly depends both on the distance between plasma and cotton yarn and on the voltage. The maximum effect is observed at an applied voltage of 5.8 kV and at 1.5 mm distance to the plasma zone. Analysis of the experimental data shows that the changes in cotton yarn hydrophilicity cannot be explained solely by the locally overheated water. The nonlinear dependence of the treatment effect on the applied voltage is delivered to be due to the generation of weak shock waves in the capillary discharge.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

“…5. The diaphragm discharge can be used as a source of shock waves [19,20]. The process of shock wave generation is associated with the formation and expansion of steam-and-gas bubbles inside the pinhole.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Treatment of Cotton Yarn by Underwater Capillary Electrical Discharge

Nikiforov

Leys

2006

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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“…decontamination [31,33,34], chemical synthesis [15,35,36] and shock wave generation [37]. On capillary underwater discharges, however, only very few reports can be found [22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of ac capillary discharge produced in electrically conductive water solution

Baerdemaeker

Šimek

Schmidt

et al. 2007

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Basic electrical, optical and calorimetric characteristics of an ac (50 Hz) driven capillary discharge produced in a water solution were studied for initial water solution conductivity in the range 50-1000 µS cm −1 . Typical current and voltage waveforms and emission intensities produced by several electronically excited species were recorded with high time resolution. The evolution of the electrical current, power and capillary resistance was inspected during positive ac half-cycle for various operational regimes. A fast relaxation of the discharge following a breakdown event was observed. Optical measurements indicate that radiative species are mostly generated during the first few hundreds of nanoseconds of plasma generation and that the average duration of plasma emission induced by a discharge pulse is of the order of a few microseconds. Results of calorimetric measurements are in good agreement with average electrical measurements and support the assumption that the discharge is a constant source of heat delivered to the liquid. Assuming that only a fraction of the heat released inside the capillary can be transported by conduction through the capillary wall and via its orifices, the processes of bubble formation, expulsion and re-filling the capillary with 'fresh' water must play a key role in maintaining a thermal balance during long-time steady-state operation of the device. Furthermore, a simplified numerical model and a first order energy deposition calculation prove the plausibility of the bubble breakdown mechanism.

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“…In the SAFE shock wave generator, 90 individual electrohydraulic transducers are mounted on a spherical carrier made of dielectric material. Each transducer consists of 45 3Dprinted titanium electrodes embedded in epoxy resin and each polished to yield a tip diameter of 0.3 mm following previous studies (11,12). The transducers are arranged in 5 concentric rings divided into 6 sectors (Figure 1).…”

Section: Design Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-spark electrohydraulic shock wave generator with adjustable pressure field distribution and beam steering capability

Sankin¹,

Zheng²,

Gu³

et al. 2023

Front. Urol.

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Background and objectiveAll clinical shock wave lithotripters produce an axisymmetric acoustic field without accounting for the anatomic features of the kidney or respiratory motion of the patient. This work presents a steerable and adjustable focusing electrohydraulic (SAFE) shock wave generator design with variable beam size and shape.Materials and methods90 electrohydraulic transducers are mounted concentrically on a spherical basin with adjustable connection to individual transducers. Each transducer consists of 45 3D-printed titanium microelectrodes embedded in epoxy with a tip diameter of 0.3 mm. All the transducers are arranged in 5 concentric rings and sub-divided into 6 sectors.ResultsBy changing the connections of individual transducers, the focused pressure field produced by the transducer array can be either axisymmetric with a -6 dB focal width of 14.8 mm in diameter, or non-axisymmetric with a long axis of 22.7 mm and a short axis of 15.1 mm. The elongated beam produces a peak positive pressure of 33.7 ± 4.1 MPa and comminution efficiency of 42.2 ± 3.5%, compared to 36.2 ± 0.7 MPa and 28.6 ± 6.1% for axisymmetric beam after 150 pulses at 20 kV.ConclusionsWe have demonstrated that the SAFE shock wave generator can produce an elongated non-axisymmetric pressure field with higher stone comminution efficiency. The SAFE shock wave generator may provide a flexible and versatile design to achieve accurate, stable, and safe lithotripsy for kidney stone treatment.

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A Multisite Electric-Discharge Diaphragm Generator of Shock Waves in a Liquid

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Surface Treatment of Cotton Yarn by Underwater Capillary Electrical Discharge

Surface Treatment of Cotton Yarn by Underwater Capillary Electrical Discharge

Characteristics of ac capillary discharge produced in electrically conductive water solution

A multi-spark electrohydraulic shock wave generator with adjustable pressure field distribution and beam steering capability

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