A Multisensor System for the Characterization of the Field Pressure in Terrain. Accuracy, Response, and Adjustments

Sicilia, Isabel; Aparicio, S.; Vázquez, Borja Frutos; Muñoz, Eduardo; Hernández, Melchor G.; Anaya, J.J.

doi:10.3390/s19183942

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In fact, searches in the main bibliographic databases, such as SCOPUS or the Web of Science, mainly present works related to assessment. Studies related to mitigation actions, such as those presented by Sicilia et al [25], in which the authors address the theme of transport, concentration patterns, and Rn mitigation techniques applied to confined spaces, tend to present solutions related to the ventilation of indoor spaces. In this specific case, the authors studied the effects of pressurizing and depressurizing the compartments on the Rn concentration, demonstrating that the introduction of fresh air diluted the Rn concentration, and the slight increase in the pressure reduced the entry of gas by the advection mechanism.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Indoor Rn Concentration Mitigation in a Heritage Building: Case Study Analysis of the Applied Constructive Measures

Nunes

Curado

2023

Buildings

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Indoor radon (Rn) concentration is pointed out by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the second leading cause of lung cancer. Adopting mitigation measures based on ventilation procedures is an effective solution for most cases. However, the occurrence of abnormal concentrations of indoor Rn in heritage buildings, where most interventions are restricted, may lead to alternative remediation techniques. In these cases, constructive mitigation measures, such as the use of barrier membranes on the floor or specific coating mortars on the walls, can be adequate solutions. In the current investigation, two constructive measures were applied and analyzed sequentially. The preliminary long-term monitoring campaign registered extremely high indoor Rn concentration measurements. The application of a barrier membrane covering the floor of the test compartment allowed a 90% reduction in the average Rn concentration, but it nevertheless remained substantially above the recommended value of 300 Bq·m−3. Subsequently, a coating mortar was applied on the walls. The combined measures contributed to a total reduction of 94% in the average indoor Rn concentration, which remains slightly above the recommended exposure limit. Despite the verified reduction and the apparent effectiveness of the measures, it is still necessary to carry out more monitoring campaigns to test their general applicability.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Indoor Rn Concentration Mitigation in a Heritage Building: Case Study Analysis of the Applied Constructive Measures

Nunes

Curado

2023

Buildings

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“…A multi-sensor system (Figure 7) designed and developed by the authors to measure differential pressures in radon gas transport studies was also used in these experiments. This system is composed of 10 pressure sensors, as described in [30]. The data are collected every 10 min.…”

Section: Differential Pressure Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radon Transport, Accumulation Patterns, and Mitigation Techniques Applied to Closed Spaces

et al. 2022

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In this study, different techniques for the mitigation of radon gas in indoor spaces were investigated. For this purpose, two different scenarios of a public building were analyzed: two symmetrical facility galleries and a reverberation chamber. Although most workplaces in this building have low radon levels, the complex structure houses spaces have very high radon concentrations. The study also included the surrounding areas of these spaces. The radon concentration and differential pressures were measured, and different mitigation techniques were applied: sealing, balanced ventilation, pressurization with the introduction of fresh air, and depressurization over each space. The pressurization solution was proven to be the most effective way to reduce radon concentration in both scenarios. The introduction of fresh air diluted the radon concentration, and the slight increase in the pressure reduced the entry of gas by the advection mechanism. On the other hand, the depressurization technique was the least effective mitigation technique, as it generated a negative pressure gradient that facilitated a higher radon flux from the source. Therefore, before applying any mitigation technique, it is necessary not only to study the space to be remediated but also the possible impact on neighboring spaces.

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“…Other system components included a tmux terminal multiplexer, MSP modules to connect the sensors and a LabJack U3 data acquisition unit for connection to the computer. Developed by the CSIC's Physical and Information Technologies Institute (ITEFI-CSIC), the system, along with its components and sensitivity tests, is described in Sicilia et al, 2019. A module of the pressure sensor system is shown in Figure 2b.…”

Section: Multi-sensor Pressure Monitoring Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The readings were recorded both on a timeline for each sensor and on a graphics display representing slab geometry. For further information about the visualization software see Sicilia et al, 2019. After installing the pressure monitoring system, long-term tests were conducted to detect possible inter-sensor deviations. A sample of the findings for 5 days with the depressurisation system disconnected is reproduced in Figure 6.…”

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confidence: 99%

A full-scale experimental study of sub-slab pressure fields induced by underground perforated pipes as a soil depressurisation technique in radon mitigation

Vázquez

Sicilia

Campo

et al. 2020

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Sub-slab depressurisation systems have proven to effectively mitigate radon entry. A poor understanding of the fluid physics underlying the technique has been shown to lower the success rate substantially. This article describes a study of pressure fields in a sub-slab gravel 2 bed induced by a soil depressurisation system consisting of perforated pipes run under the slab at a depth of 75 cm. The advantage of the approach is that pipes can be laid from outside the building to be protected. The study was conducted on a large-scale experimental facility where the variations in morphology and scope of pressure fields with different pipe combinations could be monitored and characterised. The findings showed that pressure was uniform across the entire area in the gravel bed, whereas the sensors buried in natural soil showed pressure to depend on distance from the source. Pressure transfer to the sub-slab plane was also observed to vary depending on the active pipe. Air-flow resistance studies in the layers of soil lying between the pipes and the gravel delivered different results for each pipe. That finding would appear to be related to the presence of preferential pathways in some parts of the soil. Total pressure when several pipes were activated was observed to be practically the same as the sum of the pressures transferred by each when working separately. The correlation between extraction fan power and pressure generated was also analysed. These and other factors are discussed and analysed from a perspective of the understanding of such highly effective techniques.

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A Multisensor System for the Characterization of the Field Pressure in Terrain. Accuracy, Response, and Adjustments

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

High Indoor Rn Concentration Mitigation in a Heritage Building: Case Study Analysis of the Applied Constructive Measures

High Indoor Rn Concentration Mitigation in a Heritage Building: Case Study Analysis of the Applied Constructive Measures

Radon Transport, Accumulation Patterns, and Mitigation Techniques Applied to Closed Spaces

A full-scale experimental study of sub-slab pressure fields induced by underground perforated pipes as a soil depressurisation technique in radon mitigation

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