A Multiscale Understanding of the Thermodynamic and Kinetic Mechanisms of Laser Additive Manufacturing

Gu, Dongdong; Ma, Chenglong; Xia, Mujian; Dai, Donghua; Shi, Qimin

doi:10.1016/j.eng.2017.05.011

Cited by 97 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It occurs that no device is capable yet of meeting all the challenges of miniaturizing large-scale processes while keeping the functionality of conventional bioreactors [7][8][9]. As the bench-scale bioreactors are expensive, 3D printing can be considered as an alternative solution for the fabrication of miniaturized bioreactor systems [10][11][12][13][14][15]. The smaller the reactor, the more efficient it can become in terms of experimental throughput [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Anaerobic Digestion Screening System Using 3D-Printed Mini-Bioreactors

Achinas¹,

Euverink²

2020

New Advances on Fermentation Processes

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This study incorporated the concept of mini-bioreactors by employing additive manufacturing procedures. Limitations in experimental studies with large-scale equipment favor the use of mini-reactor systems and help to understand the phenomena of its large-scale counterpart better. 3D printing enables to reproduce the reaction engineering principles in a low-cost and ease of manufacture way and expedites the development of novel prototypes. Small anaerobic digesters of 40 mL were designed and fabricated to investigate the effect of downscaling on the stability and performance of the anaerobic digestion process. Baseline tests were conducted using a commercial 400-mL stirred bioreactor as reference for further comparison and validation. Miniature bioreactors showed similar stability and conversion efficiency. However, the biogas production rate and methane content of the 3D-printed bioreactors were lower than those in the baseline study bioreactors. Finally, 3D-printed systems were linked with efficient performances and are considered as an excellent opportunity for analyzing microbe-mediated bioenergy systems. This study demonstrated the high potential of miniaturized bioreactors as a process screening tool.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Anaerobic Digestion Screening System Using 3D-Printed Mini-Bioreactors

Achinas¹,

Euverink²

2020

New Advances on Fermentation Processes

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“…Although both experiments and physics-based multiscale material simulations have the potential to offer the data needed to gain insights into the correlations between the processing conditions and microstructure as well as the associated properties, our focus in this work was confined to experiments. This is mainly because the multiscale material models for AM metal alloys are still largely under development [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The AM process usually consists of multiple steps, including substrate treatment, powder delivery, energy delivery, nozzle movement and post-build heat treatments [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Ti–Mn Alloys for Additive Manufacturing Using High-Throughput Experimental Assays and Gaussian Process Regression

et al. 2020

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Compositionally graded cylinders of Ti–Mn alloys were produced using the Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS™) technique, with Mn content varying from 0 to 12 wt.% along the cylinder axis. The cylinders were subjected to different post-build heat treatments to produce a large sample library of a–b microstructures. The microstructures in the sample library were studied using back-scattered electron (BSE) imaging in a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and their mechanical properties were evaluated using spherical indentation stress–strain protocols. These protocols revealed that the microstructures exhibited features with averaged chord lengths in the range of 0.17–1.78 mm, and beta content in the range of 20–83 vol.%. The estimated values of the Young’s moduli and tensile yield strengths from spherical indentation were found to vary in the ranges of 97–130 GPa and 828–1864 MPa, respectively. The combined use of the LENS technique along with the spherical indentation protocols was found to facilitate the rapid exploration of material and process spaces. Analyses of the correlations between the process conditions, several key microstructural features, and the measured material properties were performed via Gaussian process regression (GPR). These data-driven statistical models provided valuable insights into the underlying correlations between these variables.

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“…Selective laser melting (SLM), as one of important additive manufacturing process, shows great potential application in producing the metallic component with extremely high complex form [11,12]. In this process, the metallic powder sized between several to one hundred micrometers is spread out with preferred layer thickness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of selective post-aging treatment on subsurface damage of quasicrystal reinforced Al composite manufactured by selective laser melting

Kang

Mansori

et al. 2019

Wear

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In this work, Al-Fe-Cr quasicrystal reinforced Al matrix composite was in-situ prepared by using selective laser melting from powder mixture of Al-Cu-Fe-Cr quasicrystal and pure Al. The effect of selective post-aging treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties were determined with focus on the metastable phases. The microstructural analysis, which was determined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, indicates that the Al-based intermetallic is precipitated from supersaturated α-Al after the aging process. Moreover, the compression tests were performed on the samples in form of dense and lattice structures (50% porosity). The elastic modules of dense and lattice structural samples reduce from 21.3 GPa and 4.4-14.6 GPa and 3.6 GPa by using a low cooling-rated aging process. After aging process, the compressive deformation behavior of dense part changes from elastic-plastic-fracture mode to elastic-plastic-densification mode. On the other hand, the failure mechanism of lattice structural sample changes from rapid-single-stage to slow-double-stage with an improvement of the strain at failure.

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A Multiscale Understanding of the Thermodynamic and Kinetic Mechanisms of Laser Additive Manufacturing

Cited by 97 publications

References 28 publications

Development of an Anaerobic Digestion Screening System Using 3D-Printed Mini-Bioreactors

Development of an Anaerobic Digestion Screening System Using 3D-Printed Mini-Bioreactors

Evaluation of Ti–Mn Alloys for Additive Manufacturing Using High-Throughput Experimental Assays and Gaussian Process Regression

Effect of selective post-aging treatment on subsurface damage of quasicrystal reinforced Al composite manufactured by selective laser melting

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