A multiproxy record of late Holocene natural and anthropogenic environmental change from the <i>Sphagnum</i> peat bog Dürres Maar, Germany: implications for quantitative climate reconstructions based on pollen

Kühl, Norbert; Moschen, Robert; Wagner, S.; Brewer, Simon; Peyron, Odile

doi:10.1002/jqs.1342

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…For this reason we adopted a multi-method approach that would allow us to better assess reconstruction error and provide more precise and robust climate estimates than those based on only one method (e.g. Klotz et al, 2003;Peyron et al, 2005Peyron et al, , 2006Kühl et al, 2010). Such an approach has been successfully tested for the Holocene from Mediterranean marine and terrestrial pollen records Peyron et al, 2011, although see Birks et al, 2010.…”

Section: Climate Reconstruction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting patterns of climatic changes during the Holocene across the Italian Peninsula reconstructed from pollen data

et al. 2013

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Lake-level records from Italy suggest that patterns of precipitation in the central Mediterranean during the Holocene were divided between the north and south, but a scarcity of reliable palaeoclimatic records in the north and central-southern Mediterranean means new evidence is needed to validate this hypothesis. We provide robust quantitative estimates of Holocene climate in the Mediterranean region using four high-resolution pollen records from northern (Lakes Ledro and Accesa) and southern (Lakes Trifoglietti and Pergusa) Italy. Multiple methods are used to provide an improved assessment of the palaeoclimatic reconstruction uncertainty. The multi-method approach uses the pollenbased weighted averaging, weighted-average partial leastsquares regression, modern analogue technique, and the nonmetric multidimensional scaling/generalized additive model methods. We use independent lake-level data to validate the precipitation reconstructions. Our results support a climatic partition between northern and southern Italy during the Holocene, confirming the hypothesis of opposing mid-Holocene summer precipitation regimes in the Mediterranean. The northern sites (Ledro, Accesa) are characterized by minima for summer precipitation and lake levels during the early to midHolocene, while the southern sites (Trifoglietti, Pergusa) are marked by maxima for precipitation and lake levels at the same time. Both pollen-inferred precipitation and lake levels indicate the opposite pattern during the late Holocene, a maximum in northern Italy and a minimum in southern Italy/Sicily. Summer temperatures show the same partitioning, with warm conditions in northern Italy and cool conditions in Sicily during the early/mid-Holocene, and a reversal during the late Holocene. Comparison with marine cores from the Aegean Sea suggests that climate trends and gradients observed in Italy show strong similarities with those recognized from the Aegean Sea, and more generally speaking in the eastern Mediterranean

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Section: Climate Reconstruction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting patterns of climatic changes during the Holocene across the Italian Peninsula reconstructed from pollen data

et al. 2013

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“…The sample from a depth between 502 and 504 cm was omitted from the model, since its 14 C age is obviously too young. These results depict the radiocarbon dating of the upper approximately 5.5 m of core DM-01 with a total length of ∼7.5 m. The age depth model of the entire core is shown in Moschen et al (2009) and Kühl et al (2010). washed through a sieve stack with mesh sizes of 2000, 630, 355 and 200 µm.…”

Section: Separation Of Sphagnum Plant Materials From Bulk Peat Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Isotope-geochemical methods applied on peat deposits have also great potential to provide proxies for climate variability, because empirical relationships between the stable isotope composition of plant cellulose from typical bog species and different climatic parameters, including temperature and relative humidity, have been found (Proctor et al, 1992;Ménot and Burns, 2001;Zanazzi and Mora, 2005;Skrzypek et al, 2007). Thus, contrary to tree-ring time series, peat bogs and fens offer the possibility to perform climate reconstructions based on several biotic and abiotic proxies (Kühl et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature variability at Dürres Maar, Germany during the Migration Period and at High Medieval Times, inferred from stable carbon isotopes of <i>Sphagnum</i> cellulose

et al. 2011

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Abstract. This paper presents a high resolution reconstruction of local growing season temperature (GST) anomalies at Dürres Maar, Germany, spanning the last two millennia. The GST anomalies were derived from a stable carbon isotope time series of cellulose chemically extracted from Sphagnum leaves (δ 13 C cellulose ) separated from a kettle-hole peat deposit of several metres thickness. The temperature reconstruction is based on the Sphagnum δ 13 C cellulose /temperature dependency observed in calibration studies. Reconstructed GST anomalies show considerable centennial and decadal scale variability. A cold and presumably wet phase with below-average temperature is reconstructed between the 4th and 7th century AD which is in accordance with the so called European Migration Period, marking the transition from the Late Roman Period to the Early Middle Ages. At High Medieval Times, the amplitude in the reconstructed temperature variability is most likely overestimated; nevertheless, above-average temperatures are obvious during this time span, which are followed by a temperature decrease. On the contrary, a pronounced Late Roman Climate Optimum, often described as similarly warm or even warmer as medieval times, could not be detected. The temperature signal of the Little Ice Age (LIA) is not preserved in Dürres Maar due to considerable peat cutting that takes place in the first half of the 19th century. The local GST anomalies show Correspondence to: R. Moschen (r.moschen@fz-juelich.de) a remarkable agreement to northern hemispheric temperature reconstructions based on tree-ring datasets and are also in accordance with climate reconstructions on the basis of lake sediments, glacier advances and retreats, and historical datasets. Most notably, e.g., during the Early Middle Ages and at High Medieval Times, temperatures were neither low nor high in general. Rather high frequency temperature variability with multiple narrow intervals of below-and aboveaverage temperatures at maximum lasting a few decades are reconstructed. Especially the agreements between our estimated GST anomalies and temperature reconstructions derived from tree-ring chronologies indicate the great potential of Sphagnum δ 13 C cellulose time series from peat deposits for palaeoclimate research. This is particularly the case, given that a quantitative δ 13 C cellulose /temperature relationship has been found for several Sphagnum species. Although the time resolution of Sphagnum δ 13 C cellulose datasets certainly wouldn't reach the annual resolution of tree-ring data, reconstructions of past temperature variability on the basis of this proxy hold one particular advantage: often due to relatively high peat accumulation rates, especially in kettle-hole bogs accumulated on temperate latitudes over periods of up to several millennia, they allow extending temperature reconstructions based on tree-ring series into the past to enhance our knowledge of natural climate variability during the Holocene.

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“…Riehl et al 2009). However, climatic changes of the last millennia are usually too small in amplitude to be detected by most of the quantitative climate reconstructions using pollen data (Kühl et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, direct D 13 C measurements on grains of cereal crops deriving from ancient settlement layers can serve as proxies for precipitation/drought stress (Riehl 2008(Riehl , 2012 or irrigation of ancient fields. D 13 C measurements from Sphagnum peat could be an independent proxy of climate change, as they are not affected by human activities in the surroundings of the peat bogs (Kühl et al 2010). This may allow the precise inference of the human and climatic signal in the palaeoecological record from areas with peat accumulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human landscapes and climate change during the Holocene

Marinova

Kirleis

Bittmann

2012

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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A multiproxy record of late Holocene natural and anthropogenic environmental change from the Sphagnum peat bog Dürres Maar, Germany: implications for quantitative climate reconstructions based on pollen

Cited by 20 publications

References 65 publications

Contrasting patterns of climatic changes during the Holocene across the Italian Peninsula reconstructed from pollen data

Contrasting patterns of climatic changes during the Holocene across the Italian Peninsula reconstructed from pollen data

Temperature variability at Dürres Maar, Germany during the Migration Period and at High Medieval Times, inferred from stable carbon isotopes of <i>Sphagnum</i> cellulose

Human landscapes and climate change during the Holocene

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A multiproxy record of late Holocene natural and anthropogenic environmental change from the Sphagnum peat bog Dürres Maar, Germany: implications for quantitative climate reconstructions based on pollen

Cited by 20 publications

References 65 publications

Contrasting patterns of climatic changes during the Holocene across the Italian Peninsula reconstructed from pollen data

Contrasting patterns of climatic changes during the Holocene across the Italian Peninsula reconstructed from pollen data

Temperature variability at Dürres Maar, Germany during the Migration Period and at High Medieval Times, inferred from stable carbon isotopes of &lt;i&gt;Sphagnum&lt;/i&gt; cellulose

Human landscapes and climate change during the Holocene

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Temperature variability at Dürres Maar, Germany during the Migration Period and at High Medieval Times, inferred from stable carbon isotopes of <i>Sphagnum</i> cellulose