A multiplexed immuno-sensor for on-line and automated monitoring of tissue culture protein biomarkers

An integrated ion-exchange membrane-based microfluidic device for irreversible dissociation and quantification of miRNA from ribonucleoproteins

“…We have already demonstrated the quantification of proteins with the AEM sensor in our recent work. 39 Such multiplexed correlated profiling of both RNP RNA and protein would significantly elevate the sensitivity and specificity of liquid biopsy.…”

“…1A), a three-layered polycarbonate (PC) microchannel was fabricated using our standard fabrication process. 35,39,44 Briefly, the three layers of the PC sheet were cut using a Graphtec cutter and formed into a channel with dimensions of 15 × 2 × 0.2 mm 3 (l/w/h) and orifices for the inlet and outlet and sensing and concentration units. All three layers were combined and bonded together by passing through a thermal laminator.…”

“…We refer the readers to our earlier publications on the electrode designs, configuration, and placements. 33,34,[38][39][40]…”

“…We have shown previously that, due to the depletion action of the AEM sensor, the sensor does not need to be calibrated for every sample. 39,44 We note that the voltage shift scales as the logarithm of the miRNA concentration, as the effective surface Zeta potential, which is a measure of the electric activity coefficient, is a logarithm function of the captured charged RNAs. 37 Experimental protocol for RNP dissociation and in situ miR-21 quantification…”

“…37 We have also developed perm-selective membrane sensors with functionalized probes to quantify DNA, RNA, and protein in various analytes including plasma. 33,34,[38][39][40] In this work, we develop a set of integrated microfluidic technologies for dissociating and quantifying the RNAs in RNPs. We assumed that the RNPs have been isolated from EVs by ultrafiltration and hence demonstrated the new technologies with synthetic RNP solutions.…”