A multiplex PCR assay for differentiating economically important gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle

Zarlenga, Dante S.; Chute, M. B.; Gasbarre, Louis C.; Boyd, Patricia C.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00410-1

Cited by 84 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Trichostrongyle eggs can be differentiated by faecal culture and identification of the larva (van Wyk et al, 2004). PCR techniques can also be employed for a variety of systems such as gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle (Zarlenga et al, 2001) or taeniid eggs observed in dog faeces (Trachsel et al, 2007). For certain parasites such as Schistosoma haematobium urine examination can be used to detect eggs.…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating parasite densities and estimation of parameters in transmission systems

Heinzmann

Torgerson

2008

Parasite

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Summary :Mathematical modelling of parasite transmission systems can provide useful information about host parasite interactions and biology and parasite population dynamics. In addition good predictive models may assist in designing control programmes to reduce the burden of human and animal disease. Model building is only the first part of the process. These models then need to be confronted with data to obtain parameter estimates and the accuracy of these estimates has to be evaluated. Estimation of parasite densities is central to this. Parasite density estimates can include the proportion of hosts infected with parasites (prevalence) or estimates of the parasite biomass within the host population (abundance or intensity estimates). Parasite density estimation is often complicated by highly aggregated distributions of parasites within the hosts. This causes additional challenges when calculating transmission parameters. Using Echinococcus spp. as a model organism, this manuscript gives a brief overview of the types of descriptors of parasite densities, how to estimate them and on the use of these estimates in a transmission model.

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Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating parasite densities and estimation of parameters in transmission systems

Heinzmann

Torgerson

2008

Parasite

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“…The development of the multiplex PCR gave the opportunity to diagnose in a single reaction different nematode genera and/or species (ZARLENGA et al, 2001). Such approach, associated with the development of the Real-time PCR assays, created the opportunity to refine the diagnosis incorporating quantification of the DNA in a given sample, i.e., indicating the proportion of each genus or species in each sample (SAMSON-HIMMELSTJERNA et al, 2002;BOTT et al, 2009).…”

Section: Influence Of the Rate Of Infection And The Immune Response Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the diagnosis of the gastrointestinal nematode infections in ruminants

Amarante

2016

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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Enumeration of nematode eggs in fecal samples using the McMaster technique and morphological identification of third stage larvae from fecal cultures have been extensively used with satisfactory results in the diagnosis of the gastrointestinal nematode infections in ruminants. In order to improve sensitivity and accuracy, other approaches for quantification of eggs have been employed, like the FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC techniques. Results obtained in different studies indicate that fecal egg counts are a reliable measure of the size of the worm burden. However, the immunological status of the animals should be taken into consideration to interpret the results of the fecal examination. Molecular techniques have also been useful in the diagnosis of parasitic diseases. The ultimate in diagnosis has been the development of robotic platforms that enable separation of eggs from feces. Because manipulation is minimal, good quality DNA from eggs is obtained, which is used for amplification, and finally, produces a result indicating the degree of the infection by the different parasite species in mix infections. The ideal method should be reliable, friendly to non-experts and quick to perform. With the advance in robotics, bioinformatics and molecular biology, methods with such characteristics are expected to become available and affordable to be used in laboratories for the routine diagnosis of gastrointestinal nematodes of ruminants. Keywords: Haemonchus. Cooperia. EPG. PCR. ResumoA quantificação de ovos de nematoides em amostras de fezes e a identificação morfológica das larvas de terceiro estágio a partir de culturas de fezes têm sido amplamente utilizadas, com resultados satisfatórios para o diagnóstico das infecções por nematoides gastrintestinais em ruminantes. Com o intuito de melhorar a sensibilidade na detecção dos ovos, outras técnicas, tais como Flotac e Miniflotac, têm sido empregadas. Resultados obtidos em diferentes estudos indicam que a contagem de ovos nas fezes é uma medida confiável e representativa da magnitude da carga parasitária. No entanto, o estado imunológico dos animais deve ser considerado na interpretação dos resultados coproparasitológicos. As técnicas moleculares também têm sido úteis no diagnóstico das enfermidades parasitárias. Os maiores avanços no diagnóstico têm sido propiciados pelo desenvolvimento de plataformas robóticas, que separam os ovos das fezes com pouca manipulação, propiciando a obtenção de DNA de ovos de boa qualidade, o que resulta em uma amplificação que possibilita indicar o grau da infecção pelas diferentes espécies de parasitas em infecções mistas. O método ideal deve ser preciso, rápido e de fácil execução por não-especialistas. Com o avanço da robótica, bioinformática e biologia molecular, espera-se que equipamentos com tais características se tornem disponíveis e acessíveis para serem utilizados na rotina laboratorial para o diagnóstico de nematoides gastrintestinais de ruminantes. Palavras-chave: Haemonchus. Cooperia. EPG. PCR.

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“…The PCR technique has been used to detect DNA of diverse organisms, facilitating the biological diagnosis of the parasites in tissues and secretions. Through PCR technique were able to genetically differentiate Haemonchus contortus from Haemonchus placei [4]. The use of this technique for the investigation of DNA of Echinococcus multilocularis in fecal samples of fox [5] allowed sensible and specific diagnosis for infections caused by this parasite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular diagnostic of some nematode species infecting ruminants in Egypt

Elbahy

Khalafalla

2014

International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

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Molecular techniques are utilized for the diagnosis of parasitic diseases and identification of parasites to enhance the development of specific antigens for serological tests and studying immune response in the patients. In the present study, nematode parasites were Trichuris ovis which were recovered from goats and Trichuris ovis, Haemonchus contortus, and Strongyloides papillosus were recovered from sheep as well Toxocara vitullorum from buffaloes and Toxocara vitullorum from cattle. All samples were checked with 3 different primers by the use of RAPD-PCR and their genetic profiles from different ruminant hosts were compared. Pairwise comparisons were used to evaluate sequence homology and diversity of some variable regions was identified. Interspecific variation in the regions exceeded that within species. Comparison between Toxocara vitullorum from cattle and Toxocara vitullorum from buffaloes revealed genetic polymorphism with genetic variability observed in DNA amplification with primer 3 and non-genetic polymorphism with genetic variability in primer 1 and primer 2 as displayed in figures The use of the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA -Polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) technique to amplify short regions of an organism's genome provide more specific method than conventionally employed in epidemiological studies.

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A multiplex PCR assay for differentiating economically important gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle

Cited by 84 publications

References 18 publications

Evaluating parasite densities and estimation of parameters in transmission systems

Evaluating parasite densities and estimation of parameters in transmission systems

Advances in the diagnosis of the gastrointestinal nematode infections in ruminants

Molecular diagnostic of some nematode species infecting ruminants in Egypt

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