A Multiple-Examiner Clinical Evaluation of a Sodium Fluoride Dentifrice

Weisenstein, Paul R.; W, Zacherl

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1972.0110

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The findings of the two examiners are neverthe less consistent throughout. This is in marked contradiction to several previous studies ¡Green and Weisenstein, I960;Markew, 1962;Weisenstein and Zacherl, 1972] in which different examiners investigating the same subjects produced markedly differ ent results. It is of interest to note that whilst the overall findings of both examiners in respect of new decayed and filled surfaces are similar, the actual values of visible sur faces, i.e.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

A 3-Year Clinical Trial of Calcium Carbonate Dentifrice Containing Calcium Glycerophosphate and Sodium Monofluorophosphate

Naylor¹,

Glass²

1979

Caries Res

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A double-blind clinical study extending over 3 years is reported. Two examiners independently examined 944 subjects to evaluate the efficacy of a calcium carbonate-based sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrice and a similar sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrice but with calcium glycerophosphate as an additive. Subjects brushed only at home withouth supervision. Subjects in booth treatment groups showed a statistically significant lower caries incidence than subjects in the control group. Both independent examiners detected a consistent, though statistically non-significant, trend towards lower caries increments in the group using the dentifrice containing both sodium monofluorophosphate and calcium glycerophosphate. Evaluation of caries incidence according to oral hygiene demonstrated statistically significant greater treatment effect and lower caries incidence with better oral hygiene. Although the examiners had not been calibrated, close agreement between their independent findings is shown.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

A 3-Year Clinical Trial of Calcium Carbonate Dentifrice Containing Calcium Glycerophosphate and Sodium Monofluorophosphate

Naylor¹,

Glass²

1979

Caries Res

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“…The 1100 ppm fluoride dentifrices have consistently been shown to deliver substantial reductions in caries as compared to placebo dentifrices. Examined collectively, the mean treatment effect as reported in 11 published 2-3-year clinical studies comparing placebo and 1100 ppm fluoride ion as sodium fluoride dentifrices is 32%, with a range of 18-44% (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). This fluoride dentifrice effect along with water fluoridation has been credited with effecting the dramatic reduction in caries in children over the past 40 years (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from community water fluoridation studies and fluoride-containing dentifrice studies support the positive dose response between fluoride concentrations in water and toothpaste and caries reductions (14,15). The mean caries reduction observed in 11 published 2-3-year clinical trials of 1100 ppm fluoride ion in sodium fluoride dentifrice compared to placebo dentifrice is 32%, with a range of 18-44% (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). As such, 1100 ppm fluoride dentifrices have been well-established and widely accepted as the positive control in caries clinical studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Relative anti‐caries efficacy of 1100, 1700, 2200, and 2800 ppm fluoride ion in a sodium fluoride dentifrice over 1 year

Biesbrock

Gerlach

Bollmer

et al. 2001

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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– There is limited evidence from clinical trials on the dose response of sodium fluoride dentifrices at concentrations above 1100 ppm fluoride ion, with respect to caries efficacy. This randomized, double‐blind study examined the anti‐caries effectiveness of sodium fluoride dentifrices containing 1700 ppm, 2200 ppm and 2800 ppm fluoride ion relative to an 1100 ppm fluoride ion control. A population of 5439 elementary schoolchildren, aged 6–15 years, was recruited from an urban central Ohio area with a low fluoride content water supply (<0.3 ppm). Subjects were examined by visual‐tactile and radiographic examination at baseline and after 1, 2, and 3 years of using the sodium fluoride dentifrices. Subjects were stratified according to gender, age and baseline DMFS scores derived from the visual‐tactile baseline examination and randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: 0.243% sodium fluoride (1100 ppm fluoride ion), 0.376% sodium fluoride (1700 ppm fluoride ion), 0.486% sodium fluoride (2200 ppm fluoride ion), and 0.619% sodium fluoride (2800 ppm fluoride ion). All products were formulated with the same fluoride compatible silica abrasive. Results after 1 year provided evidence of a positive sodium fluoride dose response. Compared to the 1100 ppm fluoride treatment group, the 1700 ppm fluoride treatment group had an 11.0% reduction in DMFS that was not statistically significant, while the 2200 ppm and 2800 ppm fluoride treatment groups showed statistically significant (P<0.05) reductions of 18.6% and 20.4%, respectively. The reductions in caries delivered by the higher fluoride dentifrices were present across all tooth surface types, but were most pronounced for occlusal surfaces. Results at years 2 and 3 were confounded by a concurrent fluoride rinse program, which involved portions of the study population. While the trends for the higher fluoride dentifrices observed at year 1 remained at years 2 and 3, the difference observed between treatments were substantially less and failed to reach statistical significance (P<0.05). Collectively, the data demonstrate that the 2200 ppm and the 2800 ppm fluoride treatments delivered statistically significantly greater caries efficacy than the 1100 ppm fluoride treatment. This large‐scale clinical trial provides evidence of a positive statistically significant dose relationship between dental caries and sodium fluoride in a dentifrice at levels above 1100 ppm fluoride at year 1.

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“…The main oral health benefit of brushing with fluoride toothpastes is the delivery of fluoride to the mouth and concomitant caries reductions. These reductions have been demonstrated over several decades by toothpastes with numerous combinations of fluoride salts and abrasive systems [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] .…”

Section: Fluoridementioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro assessment of a toothpaste range specifically designed for children

Stovell

Newton

Lynch

2013

International Dental Journal

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A number of factors should be taken into account when designing toothpaste formulations for use by children at the different stages of their development. While adult toothpaste formulations may provide caries prevention benefits for children at risk of caries, these formulations may also contain higher levels of abrasive in order to address the staining needs of the adult population owing to smoking and the consumption of dietary chromogens such as coffee and tea, which are not normally found in the diet of children. While toothpastes formulated for adults are also likely to contain higher concentrations of surfactant and flavour, many children prefer toothpastes with mild flavours and modest foaming characteristics. An ideal children's toothpaste formulation should therefore aim to maximise fluoride availability, with appropriate abrasivity, while still delivering effective cleaning, as well as levels and types of flavour and surfactant to provide an acceptable brushing experience. Selection of toothpaste flavour types for children of different ages should ideally be based directly upon preference data from children. Flavours perceived as pleasant during brushing studies have been linked to increased brushing time, which, in turn, can increase the delivery and efficacy of fluoride from toothpastes. Therefore, manufacturers select tested, child-friendly flavours to maximise compliance, providing a more pleasurable brushing experience and oral health benefits.

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A Multiple-Examiner Clinical Evaluation of a Sodium Fluoride Dentifrice

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

A 3-Year Clinical Trial of Calcium Carbonate Dentifrice Containing Calcium Glycerophosphate and Sodium Monofluorophosphate

A 3-Year Clinical Trial of Calcium Carbonate Dentifrice Containing Calcium Glycerophosphate and Sodium Monofluorophosphate

Relative anti‐caries efficacy of 1100, 1700, 2200, and 2800 ppm fluoride ion in a sodium fluoride dentifrice over 1 year

In vitro assessment of a toothpaste range specifically designed for children

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