A Multiple Element Calibration Algorithm for Active Phased Array Antenna

Fadamiro, Akinwale O.; Semomhe, Ali Abdul-Hafeez; Famoriji, Oluwole John; Lin, Fujiang

doi:10.1109/jmmct.2019.2923113

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Since the beamforming is implemented by the relative difference in the time and frequency domain of the signal for each TRM, the calibration for all TRMs is realized by setting a reference TRM and comparing the relative amplitude and phase of the other TRMs to the reference TRM. Further details and examples of the calibration with the LFM signal, such as the calibration path and processing steps, can be also found in [14,[19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Calibration Of Beamforming System With Linear Frequency Modu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration of Wideband LFM Radars Based on Sliding Window Algorithm

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2023

Electronics

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This paper addresses the challenges of wideband signal beamforming in radar systems and proposes a new calibration method. Due to operating conditions, the frequency-dependent characteristics of the system can be changed, and the amplitude, phase, and time delay error can be generated. The proposed method is based on the concept of the sliding window algorithm for linear frequency modulated (LFM) signals. To calibrate the frequency-dependent errors from the transceiver and the time delay error from the true time delay elements, the proposed method utilizes the characteristic of the LFM signal. The LFM signal changes its frequency linearly with time, and the frequency domain characteristics of the hardware are presented in time. Therefore, by applying a matched filter to a part of the LFM signal, the frequency-dependent characteristics can be monitored and calibrated. The proposed method is compared with the conventional matched filter-based calibration results and verified by simulation results and beampatterns. Since the proposed method utilizes LFM signal as the calibration tone, the proposed method can be applied to any beamforming systems, not limited to LFM radars.

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Section: Calibration Of Beamforming System With Linear Frequency Modu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration of Wideband LFM Radars Based on Sliding Window Algorithm

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2023

Electronics

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show abstract

“…It is necessary to highlight the antenna calibration based on the rotating element electric field vector (REV) method [42]. These are the most common algorithms when the sum signal of all array channels, except the one being calibrated, is used as a reference [43][44][45][46][47][48]. Their significant drawback is the large number of measurements required to achieve acceptable accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Phaseless Calibration Algorithm for a Digital Antenna Array

Dobychina,

Snastin,

Savchenko

et al. 2023

Inventions

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In this paper, we will discuss a calibration algorithm for a digital antenna array that diagnoses its real performance. It can be applied at such stages of the antenna system life cycle as design, tuning, and especially maintenance. A calibration implementation using a scalar method for a multi-beam digital antenna array is proposed and investigated. On-the-fly calibration ensures a continuous improvement in beam pointing accuracy by reducing internal errors in the receiving (transmitting) channels. The purpose of the study is to experimentally examine the capabilities of digital beamforming to increase the angle-of-arrival estimation accuracy. A simulation model of the receiving antenna was created in an anechoic chamber with a planar antenna positioner. The possibility of precise estimation of the direction of arrival using the digital beamforming with electronic scanning was demonstrated. The proposed simulation model made it possible to observe the convergence of the antenna array calibration process using the proposed method for various errors in the signal paths, as well as different signal-to-noise ratios. It has been proven that even under adverse conditions early in the calibration algorithm, the phase error detection converges with high accuracy, and its value decreases uniformly even to the fractions of an angular degree.

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“…These signal processing techniques are either time-consuming or computationally extensive and unsuitable for large antenna arrays. Multi-element phased array calibration method by solving linear equations [9,10] is very complicated and simultaneously calibrates a maximum of eight elements; another computational extensive synthetic array calibration (SAC) scheme [11] offers only 1.7 times reduction in the calibration time compared to single element calibration methods [1]. The fast measurement technique for multi-element phased array calibration is presented in [12][13][14], which suffers from large measurement error and calibration accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration and Performance Appraisal of Calibration Network for Multi-Element Calibration in Active Phased Array

Kumar¹,

Sreejith²,

Shreeshail³

et al. 2022

PIER M

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In active phased arrays, T/R module performance drifts due to active components' aging and thermal effect. Hence periodic online field calibration is required during the deployment of a radar system. This paper presents an innovative design of a precise and consistent calibration network consisting of a buried leaky coaxial cable (LCX) and a calibration switch network (CSN) for fast periodic field calibration of an active phased array. In the antenna plate, the leaky coaxial cables are buried within the wall of the cavity-backed antenna to realize calibration lines. A calibration switching network is realized using a 1 : 30 way Wilkinson power divider/combiner for simultaneous excitation of multiple calibration lines to characterize multiple radiating elements in the active array. An S-band (3.3 GHz ± 200 MHz) experimental active array with 64 T/R modules is configured and tested in the near-field test range (NFTR) to demonstrate the performance of the proposed calibration network. The presented scheme of simultaneous calibration of multiple radiating elements significantly reduces array calibration time and provides more flexibility to other multifunction radar functions. The availability of multiple receivers and non-overlapping RF beam forming networks in the radar system limits the improvement factor in array calibration time mentioned in this paper.

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A Multiple Element Calibration Algorithm for Active Phased Array Antenna

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Calibration of Wideband LFM Radars Based on Sliding Window Algorithm

Calibration of Wideband LFM Radars Based on Sliding Window Algorithm

Development of the Phaseless Calibration Algorithm for a Digital Antenna Array

Demonstration and Performance Appraisal of Calibration Network for Multi-Element Calibration in Active Phased Array

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