A Multimineral Natural Product from Red Marine Algae Reduces Colon Polyp Formation in C57BL/6 Mice

Aslam, Muhammad N.; Bergin, Ingrid L.; Naik, Madhav; Paruchuri, Tejaswi; Hampton, Anna; Rehman, Muneeb; Dame, Michael K.; Rush, Howard G.; Varani, James

doi:10.1080/01635581.2012.713160

Cited by 30 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…An attractive (alternative) hypothesis is that the combination of minerals functions to help control systemic inflammation, a known risk factor for bone mineral loss [44]. In support of this, we observed in the same animal model that mice on the mineral-supplemented diets had fewer colonic polyps than control mice [21,22], and that liver tumor formation was almost completely absent in these animals [23]. Associated with both findings were reduced inflammatory lesions throughout the intestinal tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…, the red marine algae [21,22] and consists entirely of the inorganic minerals (Marigot Ltd, Cork, IE). The product (GRAS 000028) contains approximately 12% calcium and 1% magnesium, but also has detectable levels of 72 other trace minerals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To test this hypothesis, we utilized a mineral preparation derived from the red marine algae, Lithothamnion sp . Previous studies have shown that this mineral preparation reduced colon polyp formation in mice [21,22], and also inhibited liver tumor formation [23] when included in the diet over the lifespan of the animals. As an unanticipated finding in the pilot study [24], our data suggested that mineral supplementation might also preserve bone structure, at least in female mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preservation of Bone Structure and Function by Lithothamnion sp. Derived Minerals

Aslam

Bergin

Jepsen

et al. 2013

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Progressive bone mineral loss and increasing bone fragility are hallmarks of osteoporosis. A combination of minerals isolated from the red marine algae, Lithothamnion sp. was examined for ability to inhibit bone mineral loss in female mice maintained on either a standard rodent chow (control) diet or a high-fat western diet (HFWD) for 5-, 12- and 18-months. At each time-point, femora were subjected to μ-CT analysis and biomechanical testing. A subset of caudal vertebrae was also analyzed. Following this, individual elements were assessed in bones. Serum levels of the 5b isoform of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and procollagen type I propeptide (P1NP) were also measured. Trabecular bone loss occurred in both diets (evident as early as 5-months). Cortical bone increased through month-5 and then declined. Cortical bone loss was primarily in mice on the HFWD. Inclusion of the minerals in the diet reduced bone mineral loss in both diets and improved bone strength. Bone mineral density (BMD) was also enhanced by these minerals. Of several cationic minerals known to be important to bone health, only strontium was significantly increased in bone tissue from animals fed the mineral diets, but the increase was large (5–10 fold). Serum levels of TRAP were consistently higher in mice receiving the minerals but levels of P1NP were not. These data suggest that trace minerals derived from marine red algae may be used to prevent progressive bone mineral loss in conjunction with calcium. Mineral supplementation could find use as part of an osteoporosis - prevention strategy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preservation of Bone Structure and Function by Lithothamnion sp. Derived Minerals

Aslam

Bergin

Jepsen

et al. 2013

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…Others species of Lithothamnium sp. were shown to be useful as dietary supplements as well and were efficient in chemoprevention of colon polyp formation in animal models (198). These data on the provision of polysaccharides suggest that the use of marine algae as a dietary supplement for anti-inflammatory purposes may provide a novel approach to prebiotics.…”

Section: Prebiotics and Gut Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Inducing Gut Immunity

2013

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The gut immune system is influenced by many factors, including dietary components and commensal bacteria. Nutrients that affect gut immunity and strategies that restore a healthy gut microbial community by affecting the microbial composition are being developed as new therapeutic approaches to treat several inflammatory diseases. Although probiotics (live microorganisms) and prebiotics (food components) have shown promise as treatments for several diseases in both clinical and animal studies, an understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the direct and indirect effects on the gut immune response will facilitate better and possibly more efficient therapy for diseases. In this review, we will first describe the concept of prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics and cover the most recently well-established scientific findings regarding the direct and indirect mechanisms by which these dietary approaches can influence gut immunity. Emphasis will be placed on the relationship of diet, the microbiota, and the gut immune system. Second, we will highlight recent results from our group, which suggest a new dietary manipulation that includes the use of nutrient products (organic selenium and Lithothamnium muelleri) and probiotics (Saccharomyces boulardii UFMG 905 and Bifidobacterium sp.) that can stimulate and manipulate the gut immune response, inducing intestinal homeostasis. Furthermore, the purpose of this review is to discuss and translate all of this knowledge into therapeutic strategies and into treatment for extra-intestinal compartment pathologies. We will conclude by discussing perspectives and molecular advances regarding the use of prebiotics or probiotics as new therapeutic strategies that manipulate the microbial composition and the gut immune responses of the host.

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“…In a recent study, we demonstrated that a multi-mineral-containing natural product derived from the skeletal remains of the red marine algae, Lithothamnion calcareum , suppressed colon polyp formation in mice on a high-fat diet more effectively than did calcium alone [19]. What accounts for the greater effectiveness of the multi-mineral product as compared to calcium alone was not addressed in the in vivo studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Control in Colon Epithelial Cells: Gadolinium Enhances Calcium-Mediated Growth Regulation

Attili

Jenkins

Aslam

et al. 2012

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Gadolinium, a member of the lanthanoid family of transition metals, interacts with calcium-binding sites on proteins and other biological molecules. The overall goal of the present investigation was to determine if gadolinium could enhance calcium-induced epithelial cell growth inhibition in the colon. Gadolinium at concentrations as low as 1–5 µM combined with calcium inhibits proliferation of human colonic epithelial cells more effectively than calcium alone. Gadolinium had no detectable effect on calcium-induced differentiation in the same cells based on change in cell morphology, induction of E-cadherin synthesis, and translocation of E-cadherin from the cytosol to the cell surface. When the colon epithelial cells were treated with gadolinium and then exposed to increased calcium concentrations, movement of extracellular calcium into the cell was suppressed. In contrast, gadolinium treatment had no effect on ionomycin-induced release of stored intracellular calcium into the cytoplasm. Whether these in vitro observations can be translated into an approach for reducing abnormal proliferation in the colonic mucosa (including polyp formation) is not known. These results do, however, provide an explanation for our recent findings that a multi-mineral supplement containing all of the naturally occurring lanthanoid metals including gadolinium are more effective than calcium alone in preventing colon polyp formation in mice on a high-fat diet.

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A Multimineral Natural Product from Red Marine Algae Reduces Colon Polyp Formation in C57BL/6 Mice

Cited by 30 publications

References 51 publications

Preservation of Bone Structure and Function by Lithothamnion sp. Derived Minerals

Preservation of Bone Structure and Function by Lithothamnion sp. Derived Minerals

The Role of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Inducing Gut Immunity

Growth Control in Colon Epithelial Cells: Gadolinium Enhances Calcium-Mediated Growth Regulation

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