A Multilocus Molecular Phylogeny for<i>Chaetostoma</i>Clade Genera and Species with a Review of<i>Chaetostoma</i>(Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Central Andes

Lujan, Nathan K.; Meza‐Vargas, Vanessa; Astudillo-Clavijo, Viviana; Barriga-Salazar, Ramiro; López‐Fernández, Hernán

doi:10.1643/ci-14-194

Cited by 26 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We found that within our Astroblepus dataset, natural variation at sites 59 and 288 only occurred within populations from southern Peru (Fig. 1B), which represents both the highest altitudes from which specimens were collected (SI Appendix, Table S9), as well as the region where Astroblepus is believed to have been exposed to high altitudes for the longest period of time (50)(51)(52). These observations suggest that within high-altitude specialist rhodopsin, ecological conditions specific to high altitudes have changed the otherwise strongly maintained functional constraints at sites 59 and 288.…”

Section: High-altitude Variants Are Near Important Structural Motifs mentioning

confidence: 98%

Evolution of nonspectral rhodopsin function at high altitudes

Castiglione

Hauser

Liao

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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High-altitude environments present a range of biochemical and physiological challenges for organisms through decreases in oxygen, pressure, and temperature relative to lowland habitats. Proteinlevel adaptations to hypoxic high-altitude conditions have been identified in multiple terrestrial endotherms; however, comparable adaptations in aquatic ectotherms, such as fishes, have not been as extensively characterized. In enzyme proteins, cold adaptation is attained through functional trade-offs between stability and activity, often mediated by substitutions outside the active site. Little is known whether signaling proteins [e.g., G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)] exhibit natural variation in response to cold temperatures. Rhodopsin (RH1), the temperature-sensitive visual pigment mediating dim-light vision, offers an opportunity to enhance our understanding of thermal adaptation in a model GPCR. Here, we investigate the evolution of rhodopsin function in an Andean mountain catfish system spanning a range of elevations. Using molecular evolutionary analyses and site-directed mutagenesis experiments, we provide evidence for cold adaptation in RH1. We find that unique amino acid substitutions occur at sites under positive selection in high-altitude catfishes, located at opposite ends of the RH1 intramolecular hydrogen-bonding network. Natural high-altitude variants introduced into these sites via mutagenesis have limited effects on spectral tuning, yet decrease the stability of dark-state and light-activated rhodopsin, accelerating the decay of ligand-bound forms. As found in cold-adapted enzymes, this phenotype likely compensates for a cold-induced decrease in kinetic rates-properties of rhodopsin that mediate rod sensitivity and visual performance. Our results support a role for natural variation in enhancing the performance of GPCRs in response to cold temperatures.H igh-altitude environments impose a suite of biochemical and physiological constraints on organisms, such as hypoxia, low atmospheric pressure, and decreasing temperatures (1-3). At the biochemical level, proteins adapted to such conditions are of particular interest to evolutionary biologists (1, 4). Studies of high-altitude-adapted organisms, especially endotherms, have focused primarily on adaptation to hypoxia, including modification of proteins involved in oxygen metabolism (2, 5), and hemoglobin structure and function (6). In contrast, our understanding of biochemical adaptations for high altitude in ectothermic organisms, for which cold temperatures impose unique constraints (7-9), remains limited. Studies in prokaryotes have highlighted how cold adaptation in enzymes is attained by functional trade-offs between protein stability and activity (10), a trade-off also characterized in enzymes from ectothermic vertebrates, such as teleost fishes, where single mutations altering intramolecular hydrogen bonding networks (HBNs) decrease protein stability and ligand binding affinity to optimize kinetic rates for cold environments (11). It is currently...

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Section: High-altitude Variants Are Near Important Structural Motifs mentioning

confidence: 98%

Evolution of nonspectral rhodopsin function at high altitudes

Castiglione

Hauser

Liao

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Astroblepidae, the naked suckermouth catfishes, contains only the exclusively Andean genus Astroblepus , but Loricariidae, the family of armoured suckermouth catfishes, contains over 950 species within 111 genera (Eschmeyer, Fricke, & Laan, ). In this study, we focus on Astroblepus and the primarily Andean loricariid genus Chaetostoma (Lujan, Meza‐Vargas, Astudillo‐Clavijo, Barriga‐Salazar, & Lόpez‐Fernández, ; Figure ). Chaetostoma are considered obligate grazers of algae and detritus, whereas Astroblepus feed primarily on aquatic invertebrates (Angermeier & Karr, ; Lujan, Winemiller, & Armbruster, ; Vélez‐Espino, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fish specimens were collected for body stoichiometry analyses using combinations of nets and electricity during expeditions to southern Peru (2010; ~13°S latitude; Lujan et al, ), central Ecuador (2012; ~2°S latitude; Lujan, Meza‐Vargas et al, ) and eastern Panamá (2013; ~9°N latitude; E. K. Moody, F. Alda, & B. L. Turner, unpublished data). We also included previously published data from the Río Las Marías in Venezuela (Hood et al, ; ~9°N latitude) (Figure ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threshold elemental ratios and the temperature dependence of herbivory in fishes

et al. 2019

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Herbivorous ectothermic vertebrates are more diverse and abundant at lower latitudes. While thermal constraints may drive this pattern, its underlying cause remains unclear. We hypothesized that this constraint stems from an inability to meet the elevated phosphorus demands of bony vertebrates feeding on P‐poor plant material at cooler temperatures because low gross growth efficiency at warmer temperatures facilitates higher P ingestion rates. We predicted that dietary carbon:phosphorus (C:P) should exceed the threshold elemental ratio between carbon and P‐limited growth (TERC:P) for herbivores feeding at cooler temperatures, thereby limiting the range of herbivorous ectothermic vertebrates facing P‐limited growth. We tested this hypothesis using the Andean suckermouth catfishes Astroblepus and Chaetostoma. Astroblepus are invertivores that inhabit relatively cool, high‐elevation streams while Chaetostoma are grazers that inhabit relatively warm, low‐elevation streams. We calculated TERC:P for each genus across its elevational range and compared these values to measured values of food quality over an elevational gradient in the Andes. We also broadly summarized measurements of TERC:P across diverse groups of fishes. Supporting our hypothesis, we found that dietary C:P was predicted to exceed the TERC:P for the grazer Chaetostoma near the highest elevation where this genus has been recorded. Conversely, the TERC:P for the invertivore Astroblepus was consistently higher than that of Chaetostoma and thus its dietary C:P never approached the TERC:P. We found that, among all fishes, omnivores had higher average TERC:P than invertivores, and TERC:P did not vary with temperature. Our results suggest that, at least for Andean suckermouth catfishes, cool temperatures constrain herbivory at higher elevations. Increased gross growth efficiency at cooler temperatures evidently restricts the ability of P‐limited consumers to meet P demand. However, our survey of fish TERC:P estimates suggests that some fishes are able to circumvent this constraint through behavioural and life‐history adaptations that reduce P demand or increase P use efficiency. The physiological trade‐offs underlying these functional shifts reveal that geographic dietary patterns can be predicted by stoichiometric theory, but variation in food quality and consumer traits that reduce P demand and/or increase P efficiency can create exceptions to these patterns. A plain language summary is available for this article.

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“…Los individuos fueron conservados en alcohol al 75 % y depositados en la División de Peces del Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales del Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (DP-MECN). La identificación se realizó mediante la guía de campo de Rivadeneira et al [22] junto con claves y revisiones taxonómicas disponibles para peces de la región Neotropical [1,7,11,21,[23][24][25][26][27][28]. El análisis sobre la distribución espacial de los peces se basó en los criterios propuestos por Schindler y Scheuerell [29].…”

Section: Métodosunclassified

“…No obstante, esta cifra continúa incrementándose con el descubrimiento de especies nuevas y reportes de nuevos registros para Ecuador [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Barriga [4] agrupa a los 31 sistemas hidrográficos presentes en Ecuador en 11 zonas ictiohidrográficas, de acuerdo a la similitud y composición de sus comunidades de peces.…”

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Peces de la Laguna Cormorán, Parque Nacional Sangay, Ecuador

Anaguano‐Yancha

2017

ACI

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I conducted a fish inventory at the Cormoran Lagoon, in the icthyogeographic area Upano-Zamora, during October 2011 (dry season), February 2012 (transition period), and May 2012 (rainy season). Fish were sampled using four trammels (20 m length, 1.5 m height), 40 fishing lines, and a hand net. A total of 599 individuals of 16 species and six families were captured. The order Characiformes was the most abundant and diverse, and Lebiasina elongata (Lebiasinidae) and Astyanax fasciatus (Characidae) were the most abundant species. Species abundance gradually decreased as the rainy season arrived. Elevational ranges of the genus Chaetostoma (Chaetostoma microps) and of the family Heptapteridae (Rhamdia quelen) are increased to 1783 m in Ecuador. Fish diversity at Cormoran Lagoon still needs more studies. It is necessary to carry out taxonomic, ecological, and biogeographic studies that contribute to the knowledge of fish diversity in this tropical aquatic ecosystem. It is posible that some species are endemic, specially in the genera Astroblepus and Bryconamericus.Keywords. Abundance, Actinopterygii, diversity, species richness, Upano-Zamora. ResumenSe realizó un inventario de peces en la laguna Cormorán, en la zona ictiogeográfica Upano-Zamora, durante octubre 2011 (época de seca), febrero 2012 (época de transición) y mayo 2012 (época de lluvias). Los peces fueron muestreados usando cuatro trasmallos (20 m de largo, 1,5 m de alto), 40 anzuelos y una red de mano. Un total de 599 individuos de 16 especies y seis familias fueron capturados. El orden Characiformes fue el más abundante y diverso, y Lebiasina elongara (Lebiasinidae) y Astyanax fasciatus (Characidae) fueron las especies más abundantes. La abundancia de especies disminuyó paulatinamente conforme llegaba la época de lluvias. Se extienden los rangos altitudinales del género Chaetostoma (Chaetostoma microps) y de la familia Heptapteridae (Rhamdia quelen) hasta 1783 m en Ecuador. La ictiofauna de la laguna Cormorán todavía necesita mayores de estudios. Es necesario realizar estudios taxómicos, ecológicos y biogeográficos que contribuyan al conocimiento de la diversidad de peces de este ecosistema acuático tropical. Es posible que algunas especies encontradas en este estudio sean endémicas, especialmente en los géneros Astroblepus y Bryconamericus.Palabras Clave. Abundancia, Actinopterygii, diversidad, riqueza de especies, Upano-Zamora. INTRODUCCIÓNLos estudios sobre la ictiofauna dulceacuícola en Ecuador se han incrementado en los últimos años, pese a ello, todavía existen considerables vacíos de información. A nivel sistemático hay varios géneros que solo han sido parcialmente revisados, especies conocidas solo por sus Anaguano-Yancha, F. (2017). Peces de la Laguna Cormorán, Parque Nacional Sangay, Ecuador.ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías, 9(15), XX-XX.

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A Multilocus Molecular Phylogeny forChaetostomaClade Genera and Species with a Review ofChaetostoma(Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Central Andes

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Evolution of nonspectral rhodopsin function at high altitudes

Evolution of nonspectral rhodopsin function at high altitudes

Threshold elemental ratios and the temperature dependence of herbivory in fishes

Peces de la Laguna Cormorán, Parque Nacional Sangay, Ecuador

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