A multilevel dataset of microplastic abundance in the world’s upper ocean and the Laurentian Great Lakes

Isobe, Atsuhiko; Azuma, Takafumi; Cordova, Muhammad Reza; Cózar, Andrés; Galgani, François; Hagita, Ryuichi; Kanhai, La Daana K.; Imai, Keiri; Iwasaki, Shinsuke; Kako, Shin’ichro; Kozlovskii, Nikolai; Lusher, Amy; Mason, Sherri A.; Michida, Yutaka; Mituhasi, Takahisa; Morii, Yasuhiro; Mukai, T.; Popova, A. V.; Shimizu, Kenichi; Tokai, Tadashi; Uchida, Keiichi; Yagi, Mitsuharu; Zhang, Weiwei

doi:10.1186/s43591-021-00013-z

Cited by 123 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Based on the previous analysis, there are approximately 24.4 trillion pieces of microplastics in the upper layer of the ocean [8]. Hence, the microplastic pollution commonly exist everywhere in the ocean, and pose danger to oceanic ecosystem and animals in every trophic levels.…”

Section: How To Mitigate the Perilous Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of their small size, the microplastics can bypass the filters of the sewing system and easily get into the ocean and pollute the marine ecosystem. To specify, a team of oceanographers led by Kyushu University estimated that there were 24.4 trillion pieces and a combined weight of 82,000 to 578,000 tons of microplastics in the upper layer of the oceanic system [8]. Though this sounds to be a striking amount, the team claims that this is still a conservative estimate, because gridded data in Western Indian Ocean and South China are mostly absent [8].…”

Section: How Microplastic Come Into the Food Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To specify, a team of oceanographers led by Kyushu University estimated that there were 24.4 trillion pieces and a combined weight of 82,000 to 578,000 tons of microplastics in the upper layer of the oceanic system [8]. Though this sounds to be a striking amount, the team claims that this is still a conservative estimate, because gridded data in Western Indian Ocean and South China are mostly absent [8]. Due to its high population density in Southeast Asia and China, this region generated 68% of the global mismanaged plastic waste.…”

Section: How Microplastic Come Into the Food Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Summary of the Transporting Mechanism of Microplastics in Marine Food Chain and its Effects to Humans

Zhao

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Microplastics are ubiquitously present in the oceanic environment and, though unrecognizable to the public, pose perilous effects to animals in all trophic levels as well as to human beings. For this study, we emphasized the wide-ranging effects of oceanic microplastics to animals and to humans. The transportation mechanism of microplastics in oceanic food chain was analysed and the negative effects to animals in all trophic levels including humans are specified. Then, two approaches to mitigate the perilous effects are illustrated. Further, by reviewing the previous research, some knowledge gaps appeared. Therefore, four suggestions for future research were proposed. Unlike previous research, this review paper serves as an overview of the perilous effects created by the microplastics from cosmetic products to animals across all trophic levels, including human, and the transporting mechanism of microplastics through the marine food chain was elaborated as well. Hence, this review paper can raise people’s awareness to the microplastic pollution caused by cosmetics and further promote the banning of the microplastics in cosmetic industries and the propagating of potential alternative materials that are more sustainable.

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Section: How To Mitigate the Perilous Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How Microplastic Come Into the Food Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How Microplastic Come Into the Food Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Summary of the Transporting Mechanism of Microplastics in Marine Food Chain and its Effects to Humans

Zhao

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Jambeck et al (2015) estimated that 275 million metric tons of plastic waste were generated in 2010 from 192 coastal countries, with 4.8 to 12.7 million metric tons entering the ocean. Isobe et al (2021) analyzed both published and unpublished microplastics abundance data between 2000 and 2019, revealing a total of 24.4 trillion plastic particles (8.2 x 10 4 ~57.8 x 10 4 tons) in the world's upper oceans. Past investigations have reported impacts on marine birds (Wilcox et al, 2015;Thiel et al, 2018), mammals (Campani et al, 2013;Panti et al, 2019), fishes (Romeo et al, 2015;Miranda and de Carvalho-Souza, 2016), bivalves (Rochman et al, 2015;Li et al, 2020) and planktonic organisms (Lin, 2016), with the potential transfer of microplastics through the planktonic food web (Setälä et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Plastics in the Sea: Succession of Micro- and Macro-Fouling on a Biodegradable Polymer Augmented With Oyster Shell

et al. 2022

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Impacts of Marine Plastic Debris (MPD) on marine ecosystems are among the most critical environmental concerns of the past three decades. Virgin plastic is often cheaper to manufacture than recycled plastics, increasing rates of plastic released into the environment and thereby impacting ecosystem health and functioning. Along with other environmental effects, MPD can serve as a vector for marine hitchhikers, facilitating unwanted organisms’ transport and subsequent spread. Consequently, there is a growing demand for more eco-friendly replacements of conventional plastic polymers, ideally with fit-for-purpose properties and a well-understood life cycle. We enriched polybutylene succinate (PBS) with three different concentrations of oyster shell to investigate the dynamics of biofouling formation over 18 weeks at the Nelson Marina, Aotearoa/New Zealand. Our study focused on oyster shell concentration as a determinant of fouling assemblages over time. While generally considered as a waste in the aquaculture sector, we used oyster shells as a variable of interest to investigate their potential for both, environmental and economic benefits. Using bacterial 16S and eukaryotic 18S rRNA gene metabarcoding, our results revealed that following immersion in seawater, time played a more critical role than substrate type in driving biofouling community structures over the study period. In total, 33 putative non-indigenous species (NIS) and 41 bacterial families with putative plastic-degrading capability were detected on the different substrates. Our analysis of NIS recruitment revealed a lower contribution of NIS on shell-enriched substrates than unadulterated polymers samples. In contrast, the different concentrations of oyster shells did not affect the specific recruitment of bacterial degraders. Taken together, our results suggest that bio-based polymers and composites with increased potential for biodegradability, recyclability, and aptitude for the selective recruitment of marine invertebrates might offer a sustainable alternative to conventional polymers, assisting to mitigate the numerous impacts associated with MPD.

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“…Many components of a future IMDOS are already being implemented, although global coordination of these efforts has not yet been achieved. Advances include expanding collaborations among remote-sensing and in situ monitoring groups and among scientists and environmental groups, harmonizing and standardizing methods of marine debris sampling and monitoring (e.g., https://www.euroqcharm.eu/en for microplastics),developing global data synthesis products enabled by the growing number of international databases (e.g.,Isobe et al, 2021) and experiments such as FloatEco, and implementing new sensors (e.g., https://www.oceandiagnostics.com/).As the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for SustainableDevelopment (2021Development ( -2030 focuses attention on ocean health, the development of interdisciplinary connections between scientists, the public, and other stakeholders will allow the community to identify and act upon the most important issues associated with anthropogenic marine debris.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Observing System for Monitoring Marine Debris and Biodiversity

Maximenko¹,

Palacz²,

Biermann³

et al. 2021

Oceanog

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Wood, pumice, drifting kelp, and other natural marine debris have long played important roles in marine ecosystems. Today, oceanic "litter" generated by human activities, notably plastics, constitutes the majority of marine debris and is mostly harmful to those ecosystems. In the twentieth century, plastic became a symbol of technological development and globalization of the world's economy.Cheap, durable, and long-lasting, with a broad variety of properties that are attractive for an array of human uses, plastic penetrated all parts of business and everyday life. In

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A multilevel dataset of microplastic abundance in the world’s upper ocean and the Laurentian Great Lakes

Cited by 123 publications

References 59 publications

A Summary of the Transporting Mechanism of Microplastics in Marine Food Chain and its Effects to Humans

A Summary of the Transporting Mechanism of Microplastics in Marine Food Chain and its Effects to Humans

Eco-Plastics in the Sea: Succession of Micro- and Macro-Fouling on a Biodegradable Polymer Augmented With Oyster Shell

An Integrated Observing System for Monitoring Marine Debris and Biodiversity

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