A Multifunctional Molecular Probe for Detecting Hg2+ and Ag+ Based on Ion-Mediated Base Mismatch

Abstract

In this paper, a multifunctional biosensing platform for sensitively detecting Hg2+ and Ag+, based on ion-mediated base mismatch, fluorescent labeling, and strand displacement, is introduced. The sensor can also be used as an OR logic gate, the multifunctional design of sensors is realized. Firstly, orthogonal experiments with three factors and three levels were carried out on the designed sensor, and preliminary optimization of conditions was performed for subsequent experiments. Next, the designed sensor was tested the specificity and target selectivity under the optimized conditions, and the application to actual environmental samples further verified the feasibility. Generally, this is a convenient, fast, stable, and low-cost method that provides a variety of ideas and an experimental basis for subsequent research.

Advances in Applications of Molecular Logic Gates

“…At present, Ag + is often used in the pharmaceutical industry and thus is often present in industrial wastewater and causes water pollution. When excessive Ag + enters the human body, it will damage the protein structure and osmotic regulation of the body, leading to liver problems and damage to the skin and bone. , Hg 2+ will produce bioaccumulation with the increase of food chain level and is extremely difficult to degrade after entering the human body. It will damage the human nervous system, digestive system, cause dyspnea, damage renal function, and even lead to liver and kidney failure or cancer. ,,, In addition to the above-mentioned detection methods for Cd 2+ , the traditional detection methods for heavy metal ions include mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography. , These methods have a slice of shared defects: they are time-consuming and have low efficiency, complex operation, and high cost.…”

“…When excessive Ag + enters the human body, it will damage the protein structure and osmotic regulation of the body, leading to liver problems and damage to the skin and bone. 4,15 Hg 2+ will produce bioaccumulation with the increase of food chain level and is extremely difficult to degrade after entering the human body. It will damage the human nervous system, digestive system, cause dyspnea, damage renal function, and even lead to liver and kidney failure or cancer.…”

“…It will damage the human nervous system, digestive system, cause dyspnea, damage renal function, and even lead to liver and kidney failure or cancer. 4,12,13,16 In addition to the abovementioned detection methods for Cd 2+ , the traditional detection methods for heavy metal ions include mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and highperformance liquid chromatography. 4,16 These methods have a slice of shared defects: they are time-consuming and have low efficiency, complex operation, and high cost.…”

“…A logic gate is a kind of Boolean logic execution device that uses “1” to represent “true value” or “high signal” and “0” to represent “false value” or “low signal”. , In recent years, the development of logic gates at the molecular level has received extensive attention. A slice of logic gates that perform Boolean operations at the molecular level are called molecular logic gates. , As an important genetic material, DNA can be used as a molecular logic gate based on quite a few unique properties of DNA strands, such as low cost, easy synthesis, superior biocompatibility, high programmability, and base mismatch . DNA logic gates can solve the bottleneck problem of traditional silicon material operation speed, which cannot continue to improve, and can successfully replace traditional silicon-based logic gates and gradually be applied in various fields.…”

Strategic Approaches for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Hg2+ Ion Using Mass Sensitive Sensors

“…The results revealed that the Hg 2+ ion sensor designed in this study had a detection limit and linearity comparable to those of recently reported sensors. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Table 1 shows the reported LOD values for detecting Hg 2+ ion using thymine-Hg 2+ -thymine pair strategies.…”