A Multidirectional Superelastic Organic Crystal by Versatile Ferroelastical Manipulation

Sasaki, Toshiyuki; Sakamoto, Shunichi; Takasaki, Yuichi; Takamizawa, Satoshi

doi:10.1002/anie.201914954

Cited by 26 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Incorporating multifarious mechanical properties in the same organic crystal is still a difficult task. [38][39][40][41] The emerging flexible organic crystals are promising optical waveguiding media and are considered to be the perfect candidates for next-generation optoelectronic devices. [42][43][44][45] Recent achievements demonstrated that elastically and plastically bendable organic crystals can be used as flexible optical media for active and/or passive light transduction.…”

Section: Manifold Mechanical Deformations Of Organic Crystals With Optical Waveguiding and Polarization Rotation Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manifold Mechanical Deformations of Organic Crystals with Optical Waveguiding and Polarization Rotation Functions

Tang

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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Although manifold flexible organic crystals with various kinds of mechanical properties have been reported recently, most of them only possess a single one that is either plastic or elastic. It is because different mechanical deformations require distinct packing structures and intermolecular interactions. Given that the organic crystal has an anisotropic physical nature it is possible but challenging to combine multiple mechanical deformation capabilities into one single crystal. Herein, based on a known organic molecule (Z)‐3‐(4‐(dimethylamino)phenyl)‐2‐phenylacrylonitrile (DPPC), a single crystal is obtained that exhibits three different mechanical properties, namely, elastic bending, thermoplastic bending and plastic twisting deformation. Notably, the unique DPPC crystal could serve as a quite good optical waveguiding medium in the straight, elastically bent and thermoplastic bent states. The crystals are also successfully applied for tuning the polarization direction of the light emitting from the crystal, and thus confirm the famous prediction that twisted crystals can tune polarization direction as liquid crystals do proposed by C. Mauguin in 1911. This study not only has scientific significance in guiding flexibility engineering but also provides a model of flexible organic crystals for multifunctional application in optical devices.

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Section: Manifold Mechanical Deformations Of Organic Crystals With Optical Waveguiding and Polarization Rotation Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incorporating multifarious mechanical properties in the same organic crystal is still a difficult task. [ 38–41 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manifold Mechanical Deformations of Organic Crystals with Optical Waveguiding and Polarization Rotation Functions

Tang

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…Such characteristics are reminiscent of superelasticity and ferroelasticity in shape-memory alloysin superelasticity, the daughter phase becomes unstable, and the initial mother phase reemerges upon releasing the stress, , while ferroelasticity is typically facilitated by lattice reorientation, and the structure recovers the original shape upon loading in an opposite direction . Deformable organic crystals have recently sparked vast attention in crystal engineering and pharmaceutical engineering. − Nevertheless, most of those organic solids comprising simple hydrocarbon groups, albeit intriguing, are limited by their functionalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms of Superelasticity and Ferroelasticity in Organic Semiconductor Crystals

et al. 2021

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Flexible organic crystals enabled by cooperative phase transitions attract enormous interest in solid-state chemistry to produce light, biocompatible, and environmentally benign devices. The recently unveiled super-and ferroelastic organic semiconductor crystals provide a pathway to achieve ultraflexible single-crystal electronics. However, the mechanistic understanding of cooperative transitions in organic crystals is rather at the nascent stage, and most of such studies rely on the trial-anderror approach in molecular design. Compared to the well-studied phase transition in metallic alloys, the key challenge in understanding the organic phase transitions is the elusive crystallography involving intricate molecular dynamics and defects. Here, we leverage the phase transformation theory, genetic algorithm refined molecular modeling, and experimental validation to study the versatile cooperative transitions in bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-pentacene semiconductor crystals. The molecular rotation governed thermoelasticity, interconvertible super-and ferroelastic transitions, and molecular twinning are systematically studied by integrating the lattice crystallography and molecular motions. We illustrate the molecular defects of disclination dipoles and molecular stacking faults associated with the molecular twinning process. The fundamental understanding underpins the molecular mechanism of cooperative transitions in a variety of organic solids to promote a new avenue of environmentally responsive organic devices.

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“…Designing supramolecular synthons is one of the most representative and useful approaches in crystal engineering, − especially using hydrogen bonds, because of their robustness, anisotropy, and complementarity. Mechanical properties including not only elasticity and diffusion-based plasticity as a fundamental property of solids − but also ferroelasticity − and superelasticity ,,,− as diffusion-less plastic deformation showing spontaneous strain and spontaneous shape recovery, respectively, correlate to crystal structures and can be affected by hydrogen bonds. A water molecule having flexibility in angles and length of its hydrogen bonds and the ability of bond recombination , in the crystalline state can be a possible tool for crystal design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organoferroelasticity Mediated by Water of Crystallization

Sasaki

Takamizawa

2020

Crystal Growth & Design

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Despite the general conception of brittleness, organic single crystals composed of various kinds of molecules can show ferroelasticity by mechanical twinning. This is attributed to flexibilities in molecular structures, e.g., conformation, and noncovalent bonds, e.g., length and angle. Herein, we find ferroelasticity by mechanical twinning mediated by water of crystallization in a single crystal of a zwitterion: sulfanilic acid monohydrate. Shaping of an organic single crystal is demonstrated ferroelastically from linear to bent shape and from contracted to elongated shape. Rotation of sulfonate anions along with recombination and changes in lengths and angles in flexible hydrogen bonds of small water molecules helps ferroelastic mechanical twinning. Our findings demonstrate designability of mechanically twinnable organic crystals from the viewpoints of organic chemistry and crystal engineering based on hydrogen bonds.

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A Multidirectional Superelastic Organic Crystal by Versatile Ferroelastical Manipulation

Cited by 26 publications

References 38 publications

Manifold Mechanical Deformations of Organic Crystals with Optical Waveguiding and Polarization Rotation Functions

Manifold Mechanical Deformations of Organic Crystals with Optical Waveguiding and Polarization Rotation Functions

Molecular Mechanisms of Superelasticity and Ferroelasticity in Organic Semiconductor Crystals

Organoferroelasticity Mediated by Water of Crystallization

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