A multidimensional indicator set to assess the benefits of WEEE material recycling

Nelen, Dirk; Manshoven, Saskia; Peeters, Jef; Vanegas, Paúl; D'Haese, Niele; Vrancken, Karl C.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.06.094

Cited by 94 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The management of WEEEs is a required challenge to sustainability [15] and literature analysis highlighted that there is a lack of operational indexes to measure and monitor the impacts related to the use of resources [16][17][18][19]. A comprehensive framework aiming to support the decision-making process of multi-WEEE recycling centres is analysed in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of WEEEs: An economic assessment of present and future e-waste streams

Cucchiella

D’Adamo

Koh

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

662

315

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Waste from Electric and Electronic Equipments (WEEEs) is currently considered to be one of the fastest growing waste streams in the world, with an estimated growth rate going from 3% up to 5% per year. The recycling of Electric or electronic waste (E-waste) products could allow the diminishing use of virgin resources in manufacturing and, consequently, it could contribute in reducing the environmental pollution. Given that EU is trying, since the last two decades, to develop a circular economy based on the exploitation of resources recovered by wastes, a comprehensive framework supporting the decision-making process of multi-WEEE recycling centres will be analysed in thispaper. An economic assessment will define the potential revenues coming from the recovery of fourteen14 e-products (e.g. LCD notebooks, LED notebooks, CRT TVs, LCD TVs, LED TVs, CRT monitors, LCD monitors, LED monitors, cell phones, smart phones, PV panels, HDDs, SSDs and tablets) on the base of current and future disposed volumes in Europe. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis will be used to test the impact of some critical variables (e.g. price of recovered materials, input materials composition, degree of purity obtained by the recycling process, volumes generated, and percentage of collected waste) on specific economic indexes. A discussion of the economic assessment results shows the main challenges in the recycling sector and streamlines some concrete solutions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of WEEEs: An economic assessment of present and future e-waste streams

Cucchiella

D’Adamo

Koh

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

662

315

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“…From an environmental perspective closed loop recycling is preferred over incineration (with energy recovery) and landfilling. Plastics recycling indeed reduces the need for natural resources and avoids the environmental burdens caused by plastics production and incineration or land filling (Patel et al, 2000;Dodbiba et al, 2008;Böni et al, 2010;Nelen et al, 2014). When plastics can be recycled in a closed loop system, it is in most cases also possible to market these plastic recyclates at a higher price.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecasting waste compositions: A case study on plastic waste of electronic display housings

et al. 2015

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Because of the rapid succession of technological developments, the architecture and material composition of many products used in daily life have drastically changed over the last decades. As a result, well-adjusted recycling technologies need to be developed and installed to cope with these evolutions. This is essential to guarantee continued access to materials and to reduce the ecological impact of our material consumption. However, limited information is currently available on the material composition of arising waste streams and even less on how these waste streams will evolve. Therefore, this paper presents a methodology to forecast trends in the material composition of waste streams. To demonstrate the applicability and value of the proposed methodology, it is applied to forecast the evolution of plastic housing waste from flat panel display (FPD) TVs, FPD monitors, cathode ray tube (CRT) TVs and CRT monitors. The results of the presented forecasts indicate that a wide variety of plastic types and additives, such as flame retardants, are found in housings of similar products. The presented case study demonstrates that the proposed methodology allows the identification of trends in the evolution of the material composition of waste streams. In addition, it is demonstrated that the recycling sector will need to adapt its processes to deal with the increasing complexity of plastics of end-of-life electronic displays while respecting relevant directives.

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“…109,114 Scientific innovations now permit the extraction of liquid crystals from displays, 115 and the removal of indium metal from backing films. 116 Both processes certainly complement the mechanical recycling procedures now in place with the primary aim of metal recovery, plastic recycling and correct mercury disposal, 113,117 However, it would be far preferable to not have any toxic mercury or rare and expensive indium in the product in the first place. Improving technology in the LCD sector now means that a significant proportion of screens are now lit by LEDs, 114 and no longer require mercury containing cold-cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs).…”

Section: Scientific Innovation Enabling the Circular Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular economy design considerations for research and process development in the chemical sciences

et al. 2016

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A multidimensional indicator set to assess the benefits of WEEE material recycling

Abstract: Este documento contiene información de prueba. Contáctese con el administrador del Centro para el acceso al documento originar del registro.

Cited by 94 publications

References 21 publications

Recycling of WEEEs: An economic assessment of present and future e-waste streams

Recycling of WEEEs: An economic assessment of present and future e-waste streams

Forecasting waste compositions: A case study on plastic waste of electronic display housings

Circular economy design considerations for research and process development in the chemical sciences

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