A multicentre cross-sectional study of arm lymphedema four or more years after breast cancer treatment in Iranian patients

Haddad, Peiman; Farzin, Mostafa; Amouzegar‐Hashemi, Farnaz; Kalaghchi, Bita; Babazadeh, Shadi; Mirzaei, Hamidreza; Mousavizadeh, Ahmad; Harirchi, Iraj; Rafat, J

doi:10.1007/s12282-009-0165-1

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…6,9,16 However, other authors reported no association between lymphedema and the axillary surgical approach. 3,10,11,15 On the other hand, in this study the number of dissected nodes did not show any significant association with lymphedema. To date there is still a controversy over whether the number of lymph nodes removed is or not an independent predictor for lymphedema, while some authors reported significant association, 3,6,11,17,19,20 others did not find any effect.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…6,10,[13][14][15]19,20,29,30 In this case, although we measured perimeters, our estimates were closer to the studies performed by self-reported information. This difference may have been due to the diagnostic criteria we applied that included lymphedema in hand, wrist, and chest wall.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…The effect of radiotherapy on lymphedema development is not consistent. While various authors observed a significant effect, 7,9,15,20 others found no association. 3 concentrated on the influence of radiotherapy and reported that patients treated with radiation had an Odds Ratio of 1.46 (95%CI 1.16-1.84) compared to those not treated with radiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…3,[6][7][8][9][10][11] The factors associated with lymphedema development after breast cancer surgery are not well established. The most widely accepted is the nodal surgical approach, while there is still some controversy surrounding factors such as overweight/ obesity, 3,6,10-18 radiotherapy, 3,6,7,[9][10][11][13][14][15][16][17]19,20 and chemotherapy. 3,6,[9][10][11]16,17,19,20 In addition, few studies focus on the effect of postoperative hematoma, seroma, or infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lymphedema Predictor Factors after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Survival Analysis

Monleón

Murta-Nascimento

Bascuas

et al. 2015

Lymphatic Research and Biology

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lymphedema Predictor Factors after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Survival Analysis

Monleón

Murta-Nascimento

Bascuas

et al. 2015

Lymphatic Research and Biology

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“…All studies were conducted between 2001 and 2019 and three studies [22][23][24] were reported in non-English language publications (Refer to Table 2). While the majority of studies were conducted in Brazil (n = 12) and Turkey (n = 9), most other regions with LMIC were represented, including: South America (n = 12) [5,20,24,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]49] [47,48,54] and East Asia and Pacific (n = 1) [46].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and incidence of cancer related lymphedema in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Background: Little is known about the prevalence and incidence in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) of secondary lymphedema due to cancer. The purpose of the study is to estimate the prevalence and incidence in LMICs of secondary lymphedema related to cancer and/or its treatment(s) and identify risk factors. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched in June 2019 for peer-reviewed articles that assessed prevalence and/or incidence of cancer-related lymphedema in LMICs. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies. Estimates of pooled prevalence and incidence estimates were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI), with subgroup analyses grouping studies according to: country of origin, study design, risk of bias, setting, treatment, and lymphedema site and measurement. Heterogeneity was measured using X 2 and I 2 , with interpretation guided by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews. Results: Of 8766 articles, 36 were included. Most reported on arm lymphedema secondary to breast cancer treatment (n = 31), with the remainder reporting on leg lymphedema following gynecological cancer treatment (n = 5). Arm lymphedema was mostly measured by arm circumference (n = 16/31 studies), and leg lymphedema through self-report (n = 3/5 studies). Eight studies used more than one lymphedema measurement. Only two studies that measured prevalence of leg lymphedema could be included in a meta-analysis (pooled prevalence = 10.0, 95% CI 7.0-13.0, I 2 = 0%). The pooled prevalence of arm lymphedema was 27%, with considerable heterogeneity (95% CI 20.0-34.0, I 2 = 94.69%, n = 13 studies). The pooled incidence for arm lymphedema was 21%, also with considerable heterogeneity (95% CI 15.0-26.0, I 2 = 95.29%, n = 11 studies). There was evidence that higher body mass index (> 25) was associated with increased risk of arm lymphedema (OR: 1.98, 95% CI 1.45-2.70, I 2 = 84.0%, P < 0.0001, n = 4 studies).

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Investigation of the effect of Low‐Level Laser Therapy on arm lymphedema in breast cancer patients: A noninvasive treatment for an intractable morbidity

Farhan

Samei

Abdshah

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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Purpose: This article aims to study the effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on arm lymphedema in patients who have breast cancer.Methods and Materials: Twenty-three patients were selected in a nonrandomized phase-2 clinical trial. After measuring the circumference of the affected and unaffected limbs at 6-points, the volume of the limbs, the degree of mental symptoms on visual analog scale by the patient upon entering the study, and performing an ultrasound on the patient's axilla to locate the fibrotic areas, a lowlevel laser device at a therapeutic dose of 2 J/cm 2 was used to treat the patients three times a week for 4 weeks, and after an 8-week gap, for another similar period.Measurement of circumference and volume of affected and unaffected limbs and mental symptoms were carried out at the end of the 4th week, the beginning of the 12th week, and the end of the 16th week, and the obtained results were compared with those before the treatment.Results: We noted that the average reductions in the circumference and volume of the affected limb, as compared with the unaffected limb, were about 16% and 21.7%, respectively, and improvement in the patient's mental symptoms was about 32%. Another notable observation was the great enthusiasm of most patients to continue their treatment, particularly from the second cycle onward.Conclusions: LLLT can, at least in association with current standard methods, be used for arm lymphedema to introduce further reductions in pain and volume.

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A multicentre cross-sectional study of arm lymphedema four or more years after breast cancer treatment in Iranian patients

Abstract: The rate of lymphedema in our patients was 17.5%, ranging from 4 to 21% in different study centres. Time post surgery, treatment with radiotherapy and the technique used, and nodal radiation seem to be factors that are related to this large variation.

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Lymphedema Predictor Factors after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Survival Analysis

Lymphedema Predictor Factors after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Survival Analysis

Prevalence and incidence of cancer related lymphedema in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Investigation of the effect of Low‐Level Laser Therapy on arm lymphedema in breast cancer patients: A noninvasive treatment for an intractable morbidity

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