A Multicenter Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Aberrant Crypt Foci

Mutch, Matthew G.; Schoen, Robert E.; Fleshman, James W.; Rall, Christopher; Dry, Sarah M.; Seligson, David B.; Charabaty, Aline; Chia, David; Umar, Asad; Viner, Jaye L.; Hawk, Ernest; Pinsky, Paul F.

doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2009.01.016

Cited by 38 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…(r=0.94, P<0.001) (Fig. 1), suggesting that such descrepancy may not affect the interpretation of the results of previous studies (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). segment from the middle Houston valve to the dentate line (male, 8.4±1.3; female, 9.2±1.1, P= 0.90).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In addition, it is considered that variations in the criteria for defining the ACF counting area may also be possibly associated with these discrepancies. In some studies, the counting of ACF was carried out in the region from the middle Houston valve to the dentate line (8,16,17,19). On the other hand, in other studies, the counting was carried out in the distal rectum up to 10-15 cm from the dentate line (9)(10)(11)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shortly after the description in animals, ACF were also identified in the human colonic mucosa, using methylene blue staining (7,8). Although several previous epidemiological studies have revealed significant associations between the prevalence and/or number of ACF and the synchronous presence of advanced neoplasms, including both adenoma and CRC (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), others have reported a lack of such correlation (17,18). Therefore, the biological significance of human ACF still remains to be established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The distribution of human rectal aberrant crypt foci and criteria for defining the counting area

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are considered as a useful surrogate biomarker for colorectal cancer, although their biological significance still remains controversial. We conducted this study to clarify whether differences in the ACF counting area might have led to the discrepancies in the ACF counts among previous reports. A endoscopist proficient in ACF counting performed high-magnification chromoscopic colonoscopy in 45 subjects and investigated the distribution of ACF in four bowel segments (middle Houston valve to the dentate line and distal rectum 0-5, 5-10 and 10-15 cm). We also investigated whether the patient physique might affect the distance from the middle Houston valve to the dentate line. The prevalence of ACF was 84% and most of the ACF (170/210, 81%) were located in the bowel segment from the middle Houston valve to the dentate line. The number of ACF was significantly correlated with the bowel segment in which the counting was performed: Dentate line to the middle Houston valve and distal rectum within 0-15 cm (r=0.94, P<0.001). The patient physique did not affect the distance from the middle Houston valve to the dentate line. In conclusion, the definition of the ACF counting area may not affect the results of ACF counting. IntroductionAlthough colonoscopic screening and subsequent endoscopic resection of preneoplastic lesions, such as colorectal adenoma, have been reported to be effective for reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) (1), CRC still remains one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in developed countries (2). Recently, aberrant crypt foci (ACF) have emerged as a putative precursor to colorectal adenoma, and have been suggested to be a potentially useful biomarker for CRC. ACF were initially identified as the earliest recognizable lesions on the colonic mucosa in rodents exposed to colorectal carcinogens (3) and their presence has been demonstrated to be an important predictor of CRC (4-6). Shortly after the description in animals, ACF were also identified in the human colonic mucosa, using methylene blue staining (7,8). Although several previous epidemiological studies have revealed significant associations between the prevalence and/or number of ACF and the synchronous presence of advanced neoplasms, including both adenoma and CRC (8-16), others have reported a lack of such correlation (17,18). Therefore, the biological significance of human ACF still remains to be established.These discrepancies among previous reports may be explained, at least in part, by differences in the participant characteristics, such as race, age and behavioral factors. In addition, it is considered that variations in the criteria for defining the ACF counting area may also be possibly associated with these discrepancies. In some studies, the counting of ACF was carried out in the region from the middle Houston valve to the dentate line (8,16,17,19). On the other hand, in other studies, the counting was carried out in the distal rectum up to 10-15 cm from the dentate line (9)(...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The distribution of human rectal aberrant crypt foci and criteria for defining the counting area

et al. 2017

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“…Previous studies have proved that the intensity and duration of smoking are associated positively with colorectal epithelial damage either the growth of colorectal adenomas, hyperplastic polyps, and carcinoma (Mutch et al, 2009;Wei et al, 2011). Based on population studies, the time required for cigarette smoke to induce colorectal carcinoma ranged from 30 to 40 years (Giovannucci, et al, 1994).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoke Induces Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats by Decreasing The Expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1

et al. 2017

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Colorectal carcinogenesis induced by cigarette smoke requires at least 30-40 years. This long time duration causes an animal research conducted becomes relevant. This research was carried out to observe colorectal carcinogenesis due to cigarette smoke exposure in Wistar Rat. The observations focused on changes in epithelial morphology and expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1. Twenty male Wistar rats inbreed strain were randomly allocated into control group and experimental group exposure to cigarettes smoke for 14 weeks and 28 weeks sequentially. Colorectal epithelial morphology was assessed on the histopathology examination, whereas the expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1 was assessed on aspect of immunohistochemistry. The comparative analysis between the two groups was performed using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. Histology of colorectal epithelium showed pattern of colitis associated cancer that was significant both in 14 weeks and 28 weeks of treatment. This research indicated negative expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1 in the colorectal cancer that were significant at 28 weeks of exposure. This research implies that chronic exposure to cigarette smoke can induce colitis associated colorectal cancer through decreased expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1.

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“…The majority of ACF detected endoscopically in humans are hyperplastic, not dysplastic (29,30), and the authors could not assess the histology of the lesions they studied. Although various animal studies of colonic tumorigenesis have supported the concept that ACF are early precursors of colorectal adenomas and cancer, the putative role of ACF as an intermediate biomarker of human colonic tumorigenesis has recently been challenged by findings of large clinical studies (29)(30)(31).…”

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confidence: 99%

Curcumin Chemoprevention: The Long Road to Clinical Translation

Shureiqi

Baron

2011

Cancer Prevention Research

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Curcumin exhibits significant antitumorigenic activity in various preclinical models; data supporting its chemopreventive activity in humans, however, are lacking. To our knowledge, the first published results of a phase II chemoprevention study of curcumin are reported in this issue of the journal by Carroll and colleagues (beginning on page 354), who examined the effects of oral curcumin on various putative biomarkers of colonic tumorigenesis in smokers. This perspective discusses the potential significance and limitations of the current study findings in addressing the question of whether curcumin is clinically active as a chemopreventive agent. Cancer Prev Res; 4(3); 296-8. Ó2011 AACR.

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A Multicenter Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Aberrant Crypt Foci

Cited by 38 publications

References 26 publications

The distribution of human rectal aberrant crypt foci and criteria for defining the counting area

The distribution of human rectal aberrant crypt foci and criteria for defining the counting area

Cigarette Smoke Induces Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats by Decreasing The Expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1

Curcumin Chemoprevention: The Long Road to Clinical Translation

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