A Multi-Zone Based Hierarchical Protocol for Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used in many applications due to their small size and low cost. However, due to the limited battery constraint in WSNs, it faces several challenges of node failure, data drop, etc. There are many routing algorithms in the literature that ensures the energy efficiency routing by enhancing the network lifetime. But still the challenges of data aggregation, dynamic path selection needs much attention to further maximize the nodes lifetime. In this paper, a multi-hop routing is proposed with an additionally deployed master node to minimize the load on cluster head (CH) and base station (BS) node. The master node is deployed in the middle of the network, and it has been assumed that a master node is static node with power connection. The proposed network is divided into multiple zones according to nodes energy. The proposed network has shown better throughput and network lifetime. Also, the proposed scheme has shown lesser data drop and failure rate.