A multi-vector community energy system integrating a heating network, electricity grid and PV production to manage an electrified community

Achieving net zero energy heating by integrating the building envelope as a thermal battery

“…Also, to store as much heat as possible in the building envelope, the heating equipment needs to be integrated into the envelope, and the envelope needs to be fitted with insulated panels to prevent heat from escaping to the outside through the building envelope, which would result in a waste of heat. 35 Therefore, the surface temperatures of the heating equipment must be strictly limited to specific ranges, and the temperatures of the envelope sections must be precisely calculated. An envelope with a low temperature results in less heat being stored, making it difficult to ensure an adequate heating performance.…”