A multi-theoretical framework to better understand the college major choice in arts and design

Abstract

PurposeThis paper aims to identify career development theories that explain the intention to choose college majors in arts and design, to integrate the identified theories and to examine the relationships between determinants of the integrated model. In addition, this study attempts to identify the characteristics of the prospective arts and design students.Design/methodology/approachThe literature review resulted in a multitheoretical framework named as PERISCOPE (Personality of Holland's RIASEC in Social Cognitive and Planned Behavior Theories) to reflect the theories it consisted of. This study collected data from Year 12 students in Surabaya (n = 163) and used PLS-SEM technique to assess the measurement model and the structural model of such framework.FindingsThe results revealed that the integrated model explains 57.8 percent of the variance of the intention to pursue arts and design majors. This paper hence improves the predictive ability of an earlier model by adding a further theory. In addition, this study identified characteristics of the prospective students and concluded that students with artistic personality will have better self-efficacy, which sequentially have perception that pursuing arts and design majors will not be challenging, thus increases their intention to pursue such majors.Originality/valueThis study demonstrated that PERISCOPE framework is better in terms of predictive power in understanding the college major choice in arts and design. As a result, this study adds to the current body of knowledge in the field of college major choice, which was found to be lacking.

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“…Ng, 2018), prospective students plan to perform a behavior conforming to what their reference group thinks (Adams and de Kock, 2015). The pressure may also come from the reality that parents are the common bearers of educational costs in Indonesia (Sudhana et al, 2020). That is aligned with Zhu and Reeves (2019) who mentioned that parental and familial influence occurs due to the financial support they can provide.…”

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“…Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kursus desain lebih menarik bagi perempuan dibandingkan lakilaki. Hal tersebut sesuai dengan penelitian terdahulu yang menyatakan murid perempuan mendominasi proporsi siswa yang menunjukkan tingkat kecintaan terhadap seni dan desain [8].…”

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“…First, the age characteristics have come as a surprise, where more than half of the respondents are 21 years and older. As discussed in Sudhana, Ameen, Isaac, and Nusari (2019), that can be attributed to the fact that Indonesian parents perceive conventional college majors, such as business, engineering, law, and sciences, will give their children better job prospects. Therefore, parents tend to discourage fresh high school graduates (i.e., younger than 21 years) from studying relatively unfamiliar majors, such as arts and design.…”

“…To facilitate the development of favorable brand attitude through internal perceived congruity, as recommended by Sudhana, Ameen, and Isaac (2020), UniX could host events that are attractive to young female audiences in urban lifestyle areas, such as fashion sketching workshops, fashion styling workshops, dressmaking competitions, fashion shows, and talk shows presenting famous local and foreign designers. Such events will stimulate the attendees' image of being privileged, chic, unique, and upper-class, which all are congruent to the image of UniX as an upscale and exclusive design school.…”