A Multi-Systems Life Course Perspective of Economic Abuse

Christy, Kameri; Valandra,

doi:10.18060/21288

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Findings from this study reflect the need for a multilayered approach to recognize and address EA effectively (Christy & Valandra, 2017). In this study, both service providers and users had difficulty with presenting a specific definition of EA.…”

Section: Definition and Understanding Of Eamentioning

confidence: 68%

Economic Abuse: A Subtle but Common Form of Power and Control

Christy

Welter

Dundon

et al. 2020

J Interpers Violence

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Awareness of and responses to intimate partner violence against women (IPV-W) have been increasing steadily since the early 1970s. However, one of the most frequently used and effective strategies by abusive partners, economic abuse (EA), has received much less attention than physical or sexual abuse. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with IPV-W service users ( n = 15) and providers ( n = 24) in England to expand the knowledge-base and provide support regarding the reality and impact of EA, the economic barriers and supports experienced when trying to obtain help, and recommendations for remediating EA. Grounded theory procedures of open, axial, and selective coding techniques were utilized for data analysis. Five themes, (a) definitions and prevalence of EA, (b) service users experiences of EA, ( c) continued impact of EA, ( d) barriers to obtaining help, and (e) goals regarding finances, emerged with both groups. The theme professional responses to EA also surfaced for service providers, and service users discussed the additional theme of service users’ support when experiencing EA. The study participants’ recommendations include (a) identifying EA as a distinct type of IPV-W, (b) updating legal guideline to allow offenders of EA to be prosecuted, (c) encouraging banks to do more to assist victims of EA, and (d) updating police training and frontline workers to include EA. The narratives of the study participants underscore the import of collaboration with and involvement of IPV-W service user and provider stakeholders when developing and implementing policies, programs, and practices to prevent further EA and meet the distinctive needs of women who experience EA as a part of IPV-W.

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Section: Definition and Understanding Of Eamentioning

confidence: 68%

Economic Abuse: A Subtle but Common Form of Power and Control

Christy

Welter

Dundon

et al. 2020

J Interpers Violence

Self Cite

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“…We emphasize that this does not detract from the significance of the abuse perpetrated mainly against women or the need for continued action to address the marginalization of and discrimination against women and minorities. Women, especially racial minorities and those of low-income, are particularly disadvantaged (Christy & Valandra, 2017; Postmus et al, 2012; Weissman, 2020). We must continue to emphasize these groups in discussions of all forms of IPV, even if they do not represent the entire victim demographic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though existing literature generally assumes that sex is a significant predictor of vulnerability to economic abuse, there is disagreement on which other demographic characteristics are important. For example, Christy and Valandra (2017) propose racial minorities are more at risk, because minority women are more likely to be in poverty, have fewer employment opportunities, and are more vulnerable to IPV. In contrast, Postmus et al (2016) found that in their sample of females who had experienced other forms of IPV, 55% were Caucasian, and 94% of the total sample had experienced economic abuse, meaning at least half of females in that sample who experienced other forms of IPV and economic abuse were Caucasian.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Economic Abuse Among Intimate Partners in Alberta

White

Fjellner

2022

SAGE Open

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We examine the prevalence of economic abuse in all demographics. Previous research primarily considers female victims within heterosexual relationships characterized by other forms of intimate partner violence (“IPV”). Consequently, economic abuse may appear to be a less widespread societal issue than it is. Relying on theory that IPV is not a gendered phenomenon, we collected primary data of the prevalence of economic abuse in the Alberta general population and analyzed the influence of demographic variables on the likelihood of experiencing economic abuse. We surveyed 300 random adults in every demographic on what economically abusive behaviors they have experienced and used univariate and regression analysis to determine the effect of different demographic variables on those experiences. We found that 36% of all adults in the sample experienced economic abuse, with 17% experiencing severe economic abuse. Being male or female had no statistical impact on the likelihood of experiencing such abuse, and the effect of income is contrary to previous assumptions. Women are more vulnerable to Economic Control, a subtype of economic abuse. Economic abuse is a broader problem than research to date has considered. Though it is not a gendered phenomenon, different behaviors are more prevalent or severe for different genders. The prevalence of economic abuse in all demographics suggests that further awareness and advocacy is necessary to reduce its incidence. Additional research on a national level is needed to determine patterns and motivations for economic abuse and its correlations with other forms of IPV.

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“…First, the sample of women who sought civil legal services from Iowa Legal Aid were not randomly selected and the racial and ethnic diversity of the sample was limited to mostly non-Hispanic White women. Given that race, ethnicity, culture, and class intersect differentially in women's experiences of economic abuse, measures of economic factors in the context of IPV need to be validated with ethnically diverse groups (Christy & Valendra, 2017). Thus, more research is needed to test the reliability and validity of the DV-FI with women from diverse racial, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although intervention tools for IPV have included economic abuse as an explicit abusive strategy since the mid-1980s (Christy & Valendra, 2017), research on economic abuse is still in its infancy (Christy & Valendra, 2017;Stylianou et al, 2013), and our understanding of credit abuse as a tactic of economic abuse is even more limited (Littwin, 2012). The SEA has only one item on building up debt, whereas the Credit Rating and Credit Card Debt factor from the DV-FI captures the role of a damaged credit rating and credit card debt in women's experiences of IPV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Factor Solution for the Domestic Violence–Related Financial Issues Scale (DV-FI)

Hartley

Renner

Ward

2019

J Interpers Violence

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Economic abuse is a distinct form of intimate partner violence (IPV); yet, few measures of economic or financial factors exist. Weaver, Sanders, Campbell, and Schnabel’s Domestic Violence–Related Financial Issues Scale (DV-FI) was developed to assess the role of financial-related issues in an individual’s experiences of IPV as well as perceptions of financial self-efficacy and the future role that financial issues will play in one’s sense of financial security. Despite its relevance to research focused on IPV, only portions of the DV-FI have been used in a handful of studies. The original factor analysis of the DV-FI identified five subscales within a shelter-based sample of impoverished, predominantly African American women. The DV-FI demonstrated good psychometric properties at the time of development; yet, to our knowledge, the factor structure of this measure has not been evaluated with another sample. Given the importance of identifying economic abuse and financial self-efficacy among women who experience IPV, it is essential to have a reliable and valid measure of these constructs. In this article, we describe the results of a confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis of the DV-FI using a community sample of 150 predominantly White, low-income women seeking civil legal services. We identified a four-factor solution of the DV-FI. Our findings provide support for the Financial Self-Efficacy subscale as a domain-specific measure of financial self-efficacy among women who experience IPV, but further validation is needed to explain the divergent findings for the remaining factors.

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A Multi-Systems Life Course Perspective of Economic Abuse

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

Economic Abuse: A Subtle but Common Form of Power and Control

Economic Abuse: A Subtle but Common Form of Power and Control

The Prevalence of Economic Abuse Among Intimate Partners in Alberta

A New Factor Solution for the Domestic Violence–Related Financial Issues Scale (DV-FI)

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