A multi-scale analysis of urban form and commuting change in a small metropolitan area (1990–2000)

Horner, Mark W.

doi:10.1007/s00168-006-0098-y

Cited by 69 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…An indicator for the jobs-housing balance is the theoretical minimum commute: the minimum amount of travel needed to move workers from their homes to their workplaces in an urban region (White 1988). Studies on US cities showed that there is a relation between this theoretical minimum commute of a city and its observed commute length: similar sized cities can have significantly different minimum commutes (Giuliano and Small 1993;Horner 2002Horner , 2007. The authors infer that this is caused by differences in the urban structure.…”

Section: Urban Form and The Spatial Relationship Between Jobs And Housesmentioning

confidence: 94%

The impact of urban form on commuting in large Chinese cities

Engelfriet

Koomen

2017

Transportation

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Studies on cities in Europe and the United States have demonstrated that travel behaviour is influenced by urban form. Based on these findings policies steering the shape of cities have been proposed to reduce urban transport emissions and limit congestion. Such policies can also be relevant for the rapidly growing and motorising Chinese cities. Yet, empirical evidence on the relationships between urban form and car usage is scarce for the specific Chinese context that is characterised by high densities, fast development and strong government steering. Using novel crowd-sourced datasets we study the impact of several urban form variables (city size, urban density, land-use mix, polycentricity and spatial clustering) on the cost of commuting expressed in time and distance. The results show that city size and spatial clustering are important determinants of commuting: large cities without clear clusters of businesses and other facilities have longer average commuting times and distances. Increased prosperity also adds to longer and lengthier commutes. Spatial planning measures that maintain or reinforce high-density clusters can help limiting commuting distance and time. Current sprawled urban development may have long-term, negative consequences for the accessibility and liveability of Chinese cities and could hamper their economic potential.

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Section: Urban Form and The Spatial Relationship Between Jobs And Housesmentioning

confidence: 94%

The impact of urban form on commuting in large Chinese cities

Engelfriet

Koomen

2017

Transportation

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“…The literature on "excess commuting" has also found fruitful points of contact with the jobs-housing balance literature and can provide results disaggregated by income group (Horner, 2002(Horner, , 2007White, 1988). Excess commuting is concerned with the optimal location of workers and households within a region, given existing spatial structure.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-wage jobs-housing fit: identifying locations of affordable housing shortages

Benner

Karner

2016

Urban Geography

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Finding the right jobs-housing balance has long been an important concern for urban planners. More recently, attention has turned to jobs-housing fit -the extent to which housing price is well matched to local job quality. Prior analyses have been constrained by a lack of local data on job quality, making it difficult to identify the geography and scale of the problem. We introduce a new methodology for calculating the low-wage jobs-housing fit at both a jurisdiction and neighborhood scale that was designed in collaboration with affordable housing advocates and has been directly applied in urban planning and affordable housing policy efforts. Low-wage fit is particularly important because of ongoing difficulties with affordable housing provision and the disproportionate benefits of reducing transportation costs for low-income earners. We use the calculated metric at both a city and neighborhood scale to identify what can be learned from a low-wage jobshousing fit metric that is not evident in traditional measures of jobs-housing balance. In contrast to jobs-housing balance, the low-wage fit analysis clearly highlights those jurisdictions and neighborhoods where there is a substantial shortage of affordable housing in relation to the number of low-wage jobs. Because of the geographic coverage of the data sources used, the results can be widely applied across the United States by affordable housing advocates, land-use planners, and policy makers. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Considerando que en gran parte los estudios situados en grandes áreas metropolitanas se desarrollan con métodos de identifi cación basados en umbrales, por ejemplo cantidad de puestos de trabajo localizados y densidades (Giuliano y Small, 1991;Giuliano y Small, 1999;Craig y Ng, 2001;De Bartolomé y Ross, 2007;Horner, 2007y Redfearn, 2007. Concepción como un área de tamaño medio con solo once territorios y con centros cívicos importantes para el modelo de crecimiento urbano, se considera poco apropiado aplicar una metodología de umbrales por tanto se reconoce a los centros cívicos (CBD) como los centros de empleo o principales atractores de la población ocupada.…”

Section: Identifi Cación Y Caracterización De Los Centros Urbanosunclassified

“…Desde los aspectos más técnicos las ecuaciones se calculan utilizando herramientas de econometría y de sistemas de información geográfi ca (SIG), estos últimos han sido de gran aporte debido a que permiten calcular las distancias entre los centros y subcentros. Actualmente además resultan apropiados en estudios de localización de puestos de empleos (Redfearn, 2007) y de viajes laborales derivados de la localización de los puestos de trabajo (Horner, 2007). Como sugiere Redfearn (2007), las técnicas SIG se consideran un aporte para el desafío de desarrollar métodos que permitan entender la complejidad del cambio y la evolución de un modelo monocéntrico a modelos policéntricos.…”

Section: Modelo Monocéntrico O Policéntricounclassified

Estructura urbana y policentrismo en el Área Metropolitana de Concepción

Rojas¹,

Olivera²,

García-López³

2009

EURE (Santiago)

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From the perspective of the functional model, the urban structure of the Metropolitan Area of Concepcion (Chile) RESUMEN Desde la perspectiva del modelo funcional se analiza la estructura urbana del Área Metropolitana de Concepción (Chile). Principalmente se identifi can y caracterizan los centros urbanos que la conforman en función la población y la movilidad metropolitana; específi camente se aplican indicadores de empleo y funciones de densidad. Los resultados permitieron una aproximación al entendimiento de la organización jerárquica de los asentamientos y las centralidades; aclarando algunas tendencias de la estructura del modelo, ya sea del tipo monocéntrico o policéntrico, tema en discusión si se refi ere al análisis de las estructuras urbanas metropolitanas. Los aportes de la investigación apuntan a refl exionar sobre cómo se puede describir y caracterizar el comportamiento de la estructura funcional del modelo metropolitano por excelencia del sur del país.

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A multi-scale analysis of urban form and commuting change in a small metropolitan area (1990–2000)

Abstract: R12, R14, R41,

Cited by 69 publications

References 40 publications

The impact of urban form on commuting in large Chinese cities

The impact of urban form on commuting in large Chinese cities

Low-wage jobs-housing fit: identifying locations of affordable housing shortages

Estructura urbana y policentrismo en el Área Metropolitana de Concepción

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