A multi-scale analysis of the residual stresses developed in a single-phase alloy cylinder after quenching

Fernández, Rafael Ramos; Ferreira-Barragáns, Silvia; Ibáñez, Joaquı́n; González-Doncel, Gaspar

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2017.10.013

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These issues clearly have to be critically assessed as even in conventionally manufactured components, residual stresses of the second type can reach absolute values of hundreds of megapascals. [30,31] When residual stresses of the second type cannot be ruled out, more reliable results are obtained using diffraction methods. [28,29] Two methods are commonly used in laboratory environments for X-ray residual stress analysis (XSA): first, angle-dispersive (AD) diffraction using the characteristic radiation of the X-ray source, i.e., one wavelength only, and second, energy-dispersive (ED) diffraction based on white radiation.…”

Section: Methods Of Residual Stress Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Novel Approach to Robustly Determine Residual Stress in Additively Manufactured Microstructures Using Synchrotron Radiation

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction 1.1. Microstructure of Additively Manufactured MaterialsAdditive manufacturing (AM) is the subject of many recent publications. [1][2][3] Typical representatives of AM methods for the processing of metallic metals are mainly divided into three categories: wire feeding, powder feeding, and powder bed fusion systems. [3] The latter technique enables the production of metallic structures by layer-wise melting of a thin metal powder bed only using AM equipment and a sliced model generated by a computeraided design (CAD) program. The application of a powder bed in powder-based AM technology facilitates the selective processing of individual layers in complex geometry. The most commonly used powder bed fusion techniques are selective electron beam powder bed fusion (EPBF) and laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). [3,4] EPBF structures are produced in a vacuum atmosphere and at a high temperature, eventually leading to a relatively low residual stress level. In contrast, LPBF processes usually take place at temperatures up to 200 C. The localized energy input and the small melt pool sizes, respectively, in combination with low build chamber temperatures result in high temperature gradients, whereby residual stresses are favored. [5] Generally, the influence of scan vectors and related strategies is a complex topic, which crucially has to be dealt with. Scan vector lengths, orientations, the order of rotation within a specific layer, and its subsequent layers are variables in every building process. Only a very limited number of comprehensive studies have reported on the effect of the scan strategy on the density, microstructure, mechanical properties, and residual stresses of LPBF parts, as clearly stated in previous studies. [5][6][7][8] Already an increased scan path length, e.g., due to a change of cross-section of a part, can result in a severely decreased relative density as well as fundamentally changed microstructure. [9,10] The influence of parameters on the evolution of residual stresses was already numerously studied. [11,12] The authors showed that the residual stresses are mainly influenced by cooling rates, temperature gradients, and melt pool sizes. Also, a minimization of the temperature gradient by powder bed preheating is an option to reduce process-induced stresses. [1,13] The high influence of the laser power and the effect of scan strategies have been characterized.

show abstract

Section: Methods Of Residual Stress Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach to Robustly Determine Residual Stress in Additively Manufactured Microstructures Using Synchrotron Radiation

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An efficient tool for assessment of residual stress is employing XRD techniques. For instance, Fernández et al conducted a study to determine residual stress in an extruded quenched cylindrical Al2014 alloy, with a texture containing four different main crystallographic orientations, on both macroscale and microscale. Experiments were taken place at the EDDI station of the BESSY SR facility, which is designed for stress analysis.…”

Section: Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The red curve denotes microscopic RS. Also, grain stresses in both the inner region and the outer region of the cylinder, as the crystallographic orientations, are calculated [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on applications of synchrotron‐based X‐ray techniques in materials characterization

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synchrotron radiation (SR), as a result of its high-intensity, brilliant, monochromatic, and collimated beams, is becoming one of the most crucial components of research in various fields of materials science such as nanomaterials, biomaterials, and energy materials. SR-based characterization methods can be employed to analyze different systems such as powders, thin films, and bulk forms having complex crystalline or amorphous structures. In this review, peculiarities of SR are briefly explained. Moreover, various techniques carried out utilizing this instrument for material characterization such as X-ray powder diffraction, grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction, small/ wide-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, different techniques of X-ray imaging, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray microprobes/nanoprobes are presented. As a result, by shedding light on the advantages of SR and its superiority to the equivalent laboratory experiments, researchers are recommended to exploit the capabilities of this invaluable tool in their materials characterization.

show abstract

“…In the surface expands first, compressing the internal parts. Also, the gradual breakage of the vapor layer promotes even higher stress levels since it intensifies the heat exchange mismatch on different locations of the part [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the applicability of polymeric solutions as cooling fluid in the quenching of low-alloy steels

Vieira¹,

Medeiros²,

Biehl³

et al. 2021

Tecnol. Metal. Mater. Min.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Engineering manufacturing involves the application of different steps to guarantee materials processability and performance in service. This, normally, requires machining, conformation, surface, and heat treatments. A modern concern is related to the process sustainability, the manufacturing capacity to achieve the required properties at low environmental impacts. In this sense, this work evaluated the application of the Polyalkylene Glycol solution (PAG) as a cooling medium of AISI 4140 low alloy steels. The materials were quenched in PAG, water, and Mineral Oil. The medium was compared by the martensite content and hardness distribution results. The results showed a significant advance in the PAG application, which guarantees a higher homogenization on martensite distribution at a low decrease in the hardness profile.

show abstract

A multi-scale analysis of the residual stresses developed in a single-phase alloy cylinder after quenching

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

A Novel Approach to Robustly Determine Residual Stress in Additively Manufactured Microstructures Using Synchrotron Radiation

A Novel Approach to Robustly Determine Residual Stress in Additively Manufactured Microstructures Using Synchrotron Radiation

Review on applications of synchrotron‐based X‐ray techniques in materials characterization

Analysis of the applicability of polymeric solutions as cooling fluid in the quenching of low-alloy steels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About