A multi-national, multi-disciplinary Delphi consensus study on using omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) for the treatment of major depressive disorder

Guu, Ta-Wei; Mischoulon, David; Sarris, Jerome; Hibbeln, Joseph R.; McNamara, Robert K.; Hamazaki, Kei; Freeman, Marlene P.; Maes, Michaël; Matsuoka, Yutaka; Belmaker, Robert H.; Marx, Wolfgang; Pariante, Carmine; Berk, Michael; Jacka, Felice N.; Su, Kuan Pin

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.050

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Marine omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3) (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) may reduce depression risk and promote favorable mood . Expert panels have supported omega-3 supplements for reducing major depressive disorder recurrence in select high-risk patients but not broadly . There are no guidelines regarding omega-3 for depression prevention in the general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Long-term Supplementation With Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Placebo on Risk of Depression or Clinically Relevant Depressive Symptoms and on Change in Mood Scores

Okereke

Vyas

Mischoulon

et al. 2021

JAMA

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Key PointsQuestionDoes long-term supplementation with marine omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3) prevent depression in the general adult population?FindingsIn this randomized clinical trial that included 18 353 adults aged 50 years or older without depression or clinically relevant depressive symptoms at baseline, daily omega-3 supplementation compared with placebo resulted in mixed findings of a statistically significant increase in risk of depression or clinically relevant depressive symptoms (hazard ratio, 1.13) but no significant difference in change in 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale mood scores (0.03 points, comparing omega-3 with placebo), over a 5-year treatment period.MeaningThese findings do not support the use of omega-3 fatty acid supplements in adults to prevent depression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Long-term Supplementation With Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Placebo on Risk of Depression or Clinically Relevant Depressive Symptoms and on Change in Mood Scores

Okereke

Vyas

Mischoulon

et al. 2021

JAMA

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“…In recent years, there has been a surge in the number of studies performed in the field of the so-called Nutritional Psychiatry [ 11 ], where researchers have been focusing not only on the effects of general dietary modifications on some psychiatric illnesses, in particular mood disorders [ 12 ], but also on the potential role of supplementation of single micronutrients in patients with mental disorders [ 13 ]. The most substantial pieces of evidence on the efficacy of these interventions are probably those coming from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFAs) supplementation in depression [ 14 , 15 ], which, in a few years, will likely become part of the standard therapy for depression [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role and the Effect of Magnesium in Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Magnesium is an essential cation involved in many functions within the central nervous system, including transmission and intracellular signal transduction. Several studies have shown its usefulness in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Furthermore, it seems that magnesium levels are lowered in the course of several mental disorders, especially depression. Objectives: In this study, we wish to evaluate the presence of a relationship between the levels of magnesium and the presence of psychiatric pathology as well as the effectiveness of magnesium as a therapeutic supplementation. Methods: A systematic search of scientific records concerning magnesium in psychiatric disorders published from 2010 up to March 2020 was performed. We collected a total of 32 articles: 18 on Depressive Disorders (DD), four on Anxiety Disorders (AD), four on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), three on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), one on Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD), one on Schizophrenia (SCZ) and one on Eating Disorders (ED). Results: Twelve studies highlighted mainly positive results in depressive symptoms. Seven showed a significant correlation between reduced plasma magnesium values and depression measured with psychometric scales. Two papers reported improved depressive symptoms after magnesium intake, two in association with antidepressants, compared to controls. No significant association between magnesium serum levels and panic or Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) patients, in two distinct papers, was found. In two other papers, a reduced Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) score in depressed patients correlated with higher levels of magnesium and beneficial levels of magnesium in stressed patients was found. Two papers reported low levels of magnesium in association with ADHD. Only one of three papers showed lower levels of magnesium in ASD. ED and SCZ reported a variation in magnesium levels in some aspects of the disease. Conclusion: The results are not univocal, both in terms of the plasma levels and of therapeutic effects. However, from the available evidence, it emerged that supplementation with magnesium could be beneficial. Therefore, it is necessary to design ad hoc clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of magnesium alone or together with other drugs (antidepressants) in order to establish the correct use of this cation with potential therapeutic effects.

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“…The International Society for Research in Nutritional Psychiatry (ISNPR) developed the first practice guidelines for the use of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the treatment of major depressive disorder in 2019 ( 50 ), but there is a gap between evidence and consensus. To strengthen these guidelines and improve their clinical applicability, Guu et al ( 51 ) synthesized the evidence and clinical experience previously obtained through the Delphi methodology, and based on the support of a large body of evidence, ultimately “N-3 PUFAs are one of the potential adjunctive therapies for MDD in adults” reached the highest consensus. In addition to drug treatment, adjuvant therapy such as exercise therapy and mindfulness therapy can also help patients with depressive disorders.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Delphi Method in the Study of Depressive Disorder

Xu²,

Zheng³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Depressive disorder is a common mental disorder that has a high prevalence and low visiting rate, which caused patients years lived with disability. Due to the complexity of the depressive disorder, the Delphi method is a better choice compared with other commonly used methods, which provides a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of depression. This article will summarize the clinical studies of depressive disorders using the Delphi method from four perspectives, and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the Delphi method in depressive disorders research, arguing that the Delphi method can cross the gap between clinical research and clinical practice, and is a highly practical part of the research process.

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A multi-national, multi-disciplinary Delphi consensus study on using omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) for the treatment of major depressive disorder

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of Long-term Supplementation With Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Placebo on Risk of Depression or Clinically Relevant Depressive Symptoms and on Change in Mood Scores

Effect of Long-term Supplementation With Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Placebo on Risk of Depression or Clinically Relevant Depressive Symptoms and on Change in Mood Scores

The Role and the Effect of Magnesium in Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review

Application of the Delphi Method in the Study of Depressive Disorder

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