A Multi-method Investigation of the Personality Correlates of Functional Ability in Older Adults

Gogniat, Marissa A.; Hyatt, Courtland S.; Jean, Kharine R.; Rodriguez, Violeta J.; Robinson, Talia L; Miller, L. Stephen

doi:10.1080/07317115.2019.1709239

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…cortisol reactivity, cardiovascular functioning; Luchetti et al, 2014; Sutin et al, 2010; Williams et al, 2009), participation in health-related behaviours (Canada et al, 2021), exposure to interpersonal stressors (Hill et al, 2014; Smith, 2006) or social support (see Turiano et al, 2021 for a review on these links). Furthermore, the direct association between personality and IADL has also been recently reported by Canada et al (2021), Suchy et al (2010) and Gogniat et al (2020) showing that older adults with higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness, extraversion, openness and agreeableness were more likely to report IADL limitations. The associations for conscientiousness and neuroticism were replicated across studies, whereas the effects were mixed for the other trait domains.…”

Section: Personality and Iadl In Older Adultssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Mueller et al, 2018), the association between functional capacities and personality traits has predominately been examined at the between-person level. Between-person results indicate, for example, that compared to those less neurotic, more neurotic individuals are more likely to suffer from IADL limitations (Gogniat et al, 2020; Suchy et al, 2010). In contrast, a within-person analysis would denote that the association of the two constructs is evaluated with respect to how a person varies from his/her trait levels over time.…”

Section: A Distinction Of Between-person and Within-person Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The link between personality traits and IADL limitations was investigated both at within- and between-person levels, comparing the findings of the commonly used cross-lagged panel model (CLPM), to a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM; Hamaker et al, 2015). Based on existing literature investigating the link between personality and health or functional capacities (Canada et al, 2021; Gogniat et al, 2020; Luo et al, 2022; Mueller et al, 2018; Suchy et al, 2010), we expected the strongest cross-sectional and bidirectional associations between IADL and higher neuroticism (N), as well as lower conscientiousness (C), extraversion (E) and openness (O). In line with the existing literature, we did not expect to find associations for agreeableness (A).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Personality and limitations in instrumental activities of daily living in old age: Reciprocal associations across 12 years

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Personality traits have been reported to predict difficulties in performing instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in old age, such as preparing meals or shopping. However, little is known about the reciprocal effects on personality. In this study, we examined bidirectional relationships between personality traits and the capacity to perform IADL using four waves of longitudinal data from 3540 older adults (aged 65 years and older) from the Health and Retirement Study. We applied a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model to separate between- and within-person effects across time and compared it to a traditional cross-lagged panel model. At the between-person level, higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness were associated with more IADL limitations. Within individuals across time, increases in neuroticism and decreases in conscientiousness and extraversion were associated with increases in IADL limitations 4 years later. In contrast, increases in IADL limitations only predicted increases in neuroticism and decreases in extraversion. These results indicate that some personality traits affect and are affected by limitations in functional capacities in old age. Results of the within-person model build a strong foundation for future personality interventions as a pathway to maintain high functioning in old age.

show abstract

Section: Personality and Iadl In Older Adultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: A Distinction Of Between-person and Within-person Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Personality and limitations in instrumental activities of daily living in old age: Reciprocal associations across 12 years

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Few studies have examined personality traits specifically in relation to everyday functioning. However, conscientiousness and neuroticism identify independent functioning (Damian et al, 2022), and also relate to functional ability (Gogniat et al, 2020) and self-reported physical functioning (Jaconelli et al, 2013). To our knowledge, there are not studies on everyday functioning and informant-reports of personality or at the facet-level.…”

Section: Personality and Life Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Personality in the Mental and Physical Health of World Trade Center Responders: Self- versus Informant-Reports

Oltmanns¹,

Ruggero²,

Miao³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Personality is linked to important health outcomes, but most prior studies have relied on self-reports, making it possible that shared-method variance explains the associations. The present study examined self- versus informant-reports of personality and multi-method outcomes. World Trade Center (WTC) responders and informants, 283 pairs, completed five-factor model personality measures and multi-method assessments of stressful events, functioning, mental disorders, 9/11-related treatment costs, BMI, and daily activity across three years. Self-reports were uniquely related to stressful events and functioning. Both self-reports and informant-reports showed incremental validity over one another for mental disorder diagnoses and treatment costs. For objective outcomes daily activity and BMI, informant-reports showed incremental validity over self-reports, accounting for all self-report variance and more. The findings suggest that informant-reports of personality provide better validity for objective health outcomes, which has implications for understanding personality and its role in mental and physical health.

show abstract

“…Previous studies have reported that these personality traits have been shown to predict multiple health risk factors that are related to homebound status [ 13 , 14 ]. In terms of physical health, personality traits were associated with functional ability [ 15 ], cognitive decline, chronic diseases [ 16 ], and pain [ 17 , 18 ]. For example, evidence suggests that older adults with low conscientiousness and high neuroticism tended to engage in fewer physical activities [ 19 ], have poorer physical function [ 20 ], higher risk of falling [ 21 ] and frailty [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal association between personality traits and homebound status in older adults: results from the National Health and Aging Trends Study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Personality is associated with predictors of homebound status like frailty, incident falls, mobility, and depression. However, the relationship between personality traits and homebound status is unclear. This study aims to examine the longitudinal association between personality traits and homebound status among older adults. Methods Using data of non-homebound community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older in the 2013 and 2014 waves (baseline) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (N = 1538), this study examined the association between personality traits and homebound status. Homebound status (non-homebound, semi-homebound, and homebound) was determined by the frequency of going outside, difficulty in going outside, and whether there was help when going outside. Personality traits, including conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism, openness, and agreeableness were assessed using the 10-item Midlife Development Inventory on a rating scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (a lot). Ordered logistic regression models were used to examine whether personality traits predicted homebound status in later 3 years with and without adjusting covariates. Results The sample was on average 77.0 ± 6.70 years old, and 55% were female. The majority were non-Hispanic whites (76%), and received some college or vocational school education or higher (55%). Homebound participants tended to be less educated older females. Three years later, 42 of 1538 baseline-non-homebound participants (3%) became homebound, and 195 participants (13%) became semi-homebound. Among these five personality traits, high conscientiousness (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.73, p < 0.01) was associated with a low likelihood of becoming homebound after adjusting demographic and health-related covariates. Conclusions These findings provided a basis for personality assessment to identify and prevent individuals from becoming homebound.

show abstract

A Multi-method Investigation of the Personality Correlates of Functional Ability in Older Adults

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Personality and limitations in instrumental activities of daily living in old age: Reciprocal associations across 12 years

Personality and limitations in instrumental activities of daily living in old age: Reciprocal associations across 12 years

The Role of Personality in the Mental and Physical Health of World Trade Center Responders: Self- versus Informant-Reports

Longitudinal association between personality traits and homebound status in older adults: results from the National Health and Aging Trends Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About