A multi-criteria approach to screening alternatives for converting sewage sludge to biodiesel

Pokoo-Aikins, Grace; Heath, Aubrey; Mentzer, Ray A.; Mannan, M. Sam; Rogers, William J.; El‐Halwagi, Mahmoud M.

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2010.01.005

Cited by 110 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A clear peak was observed in the response surface for variables combinations indicating optimal conditions were achieved. This would indicate the potentiality of scum sludge for biodiesel production compared with the results obtained by other studies for lipid extraction from primary and secondary sludge [22,26,27,32] …”

Section: Process Optimization Using Steepest Ascent and Response Surfsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…DoE as a statistical method has been widely used and successfully implemented for different bioprocess optimization purposes [22,29,[35][36][37][38][39]. Process optimization used in the present study was conducted in four main steps: 1) independent variables selection and their variation ranges and defining dependent (response) variable(s); 2) data screening for determining the main effect independent variables on response variable; 3) conducting the path of steepest ascent to direct the experimental outputs towards the optimum; 4) carrying out the statistically designed experiments in a randomized order and estimating the coefficients and the mathematical model.…”

Section: The Design Of Experiments (Doe) For Lipid Extraction From Scumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 k factorial design as a screening method is a well-established statistical technique for screening the main effects of the independent variables based on first order model [22]:…”

Section: K Factorial Screening Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, several methods are available for lipid extraction from biological materials. Most of these methods use organic solvents, usually in mixtures [4,[22][23][24][25]. Extraction of lipids from sludge may be influenced by many variables such as the type of sludge, type and amount of solvent, extraction time, temperature, stirring rate, type of microorganisms present in the sludge, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Statistical Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Wastewater Scum Sludge and Saponifiable Lipids Composition Analysis

Ibrahim¹

2017

SJEE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In the present study, Design of Experiment (DoE) as a statistical method was adopted for optimizing conditions for lipid extraction from scum sludge. Four different extraction variables were investigated: methanol to hexane ratio (%), solvent to sludge ratio (ml/g), temperature (°C), and extraction time (h). During the optimization process, saponifiable lipids (SLs) content of the extracted lipid was analyzed. Screening experiments revealed that methanol to hexane ratio (X1), solvents to sludge ratio (X2) and temperature (X3) showed a significant effect on Y lipid (p < 0.05). Lower methanol to hexane ratio and higher solvent to sludge ratio showed the highest positive effect on lipid yield (Y lipid ). No significant effect on extraction time on Y lipid was observed. The positive relationship between lower methanol to hexane ratio and the amount of lipid extracted can be attributed to the presence of higher amounts of neutral lipids in scum sludge. According to Box-Behnken design and Response surface method (RSM), the maximum lipid extraction yield (Y lipid ) predicted through numerical optimized conditions by the model for highest desirability (0.995) was 29.614% at methanol to hexane ratio (%) of 42%, solvent to sludge ratio (v/wt) of 51 ml/g, temperature at 87°C for extraction time of 6 hours. The FAMEs yield produced from ex-situ acid-catalyzed esterification/transesterification of the methanol-hexane co-solvent extracted lipid ranged between 7.9-9.3% (wt/wt) based on sludge weight. Fatty acid profile of FAMEs was found to be was found to be dominated by Oleic acid methyl ester (C18: 1) followed by methyl Palmitate (C16: 1) representing 39.4% and 24.3% of FAMEs composition respectively. The correlation analysis of extraction variables and FEMAs yield revealed that solvent to sludge ratio (ml/g) has the highest positive significant correlation with FAMEs yield (p-value < 0.05). However, methanol to hexane ratio (X1) and temperature (X3) were inversely correlated with FAMEs yield.

show abstract

Section: Process Optimization Using Steepest Ascent and Response Surfsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: The Design Of Experiments (Doe) For Lipid Extraction From Scumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 k factorial design as a screening method is a well-established statistical technique for screening the main effects of the independent variables based on first order model [22]:…”

Section: K Factorial Screening Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Statistical Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Wastewater Scum Sludge and Saponifiable Lipids Composition Analysis

Ibrahim¹

2017

SJEE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For this reason, municipal WWTP sludge is considered as a potential feed stock for biodiesel production [17][18][19]. Lipids are usually extracted from the sludge with organic solvents to avoid the interference of other components of sludges and subsequently, biodiesel is produced from the extracted lipids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production from the Lipid of Wastewater Sludge Using an Acidic Heterogeneous Catalyst

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The production of biodiesel from the lipid of wastewater sludge was studied using SBA-15 impregnated with the heteropolyacid H 3 PO 4 ·12WO 3 ·xH 2 O (PW 12 ) as a mesoporous heterogeneous catalyst. X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, thermalgravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy were applied to characterize the prepared catalysts. Catalytic performances were evaluated in a microreactor setup under different experimental conditions. The biodiesel yield for a sample impregnated with 15 % PW 12 was 30.14 wt-% at a temperature of 135°C and a pressure of 135 psi for 3 h reaction time.

show abstract

Overview of Safety and Health Assessment for Biofuel Production Technologies

Hassim

Liew

2015

Process Design Strategies for Biomass Conversion Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A multi-criteria approach to screening alternatives for converting sewage sludge to biodiesel

Cited by 110 publications

References 12 publications

Statistical Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Wastewater Scum Sludge and Saponifiable Lipids Composition Analysis

Statistical Optimization of Lipid Extraction from Wastewater Scum Sludge and Saponifiable Lipids Composition Analysis

Biodiesel Production from the Lipid of Wastewater Sludge Using an Acidic Heterogeneous Catalyst

Overview of Safety and Health Assessment for Biofuel Production Technologies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About