A Multi-Cluster Model in Hadron Nucleus Interactions at High Energies

High Energy Nucleus–Nucleus Collisions in View of the Multi-Peripheral Model

“…Nevertheless, the relation is not simply linear but many other factors are expected to contribute the complexity of the problem. The study of the multiplicity distribution at different rapidity intervals carries valuable information in this sense [16]. The rapidity range is classified into regions that characterizes the type of the interaction.…”

“…An alternative approach is to renormalize the rapidity distribution to get a scaled function that is independent on the projectile and target size. The average number of encountered nucleons from the target by an incident hadron [16,18] is a good measure of the number of collisions inside a target nucleus. This is defined as,…”

“…) is the three-vector momentum of the ith particle and T (p i ) is the transition matrix element at the i th vertex. For the case of strong interactions T (p i ) has a parametric form which cut the magnitude of the particles momenta according to their physical region [16,19],…”

“…The working out of this approach is to put the multi-dimension integration of Eq. ( 11) and the generated kinematical variables into a Monte Carlo subroutine [16]. This in turn is restored ν times, where ν is the number of collisions inside the target nucleus that is generated by a Monte Carlo Generator according to the probability distribution Eq.…”

Proton-Proton Collisions in View of Thermo-Statistical Approach

“…We will follow the Tsallis statistics [9] [10] [11] [12] to estimate the possible macroscopic variables found in the Tsallis distribution function that is appropriate for the non-equilibrium thermodynamic states. Moreover, the non-equilibrium thermodynamics will be considered by solving Vlasov time-dependent differential equation [13] [14] to predict the time at which the final state could be recognized. Based on that, the paper is organized as follows:…”