A multi–Chinese blood center study testing serologic‐negative donor samples for hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus with nucleic acid testing

Shan, Hua; Ren, Fu Rong; Hai, Zhao; Zhang, Yuan Zhi; Wen, Guo; Yao, Fu Zhu; Gao, Guo Jing; Yan, Li Xing; Jiang, Chao Fu; Bai, Xu Hua; Tiemuer, Mei Hei Li; Tu, Yuan Quan; Zhu, Fa Ming; Li, Cui; Liu, Chang Li; Gong, Xiao Yan; Lv, Qiu Shuang; Zheng, Peng; Ziermann, Rainer; Ness, Paul M.; Wang, Jing Xing

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01424.x

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The average newly acquired HCV rate (62.8/100,000) in Yanbian Prefecture was significantly higher than the national average (8.21/100,000) and that for blood donors (24.2/100,000) [8]–[9]. It is worth nothing that the newly diagnosed rate of HCV in Yanbian Prefecture, not referred the incidence, may not accurately reflect the newly acquired HCV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Newly Diagnosed Rate and Changing Risk Factors of HCV in Yanbian Prefecture, a High Endemic Area in China

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe newly diagnosed rate of HCV infection is increasing in China. However, the risk factors have not been fully identified. Here, a survey was performed in Yanbian Prefecture, a high-endemic area in China.MethodsWe identified newly diagnosed HCV infection in 2007–2011, using the local National Disease Supervision Information Management System from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. We determined the risk factors using a case-control survey by questionnaire.ResultsYanbian Prefecture had a rapid increase in the yearly newly diagnosed rate of HCV infection from 32.6 to 72.1/100.000 from the year 2007 to 2011. People aged 50–64 years had a high HCV infection of 43.4%, but only 0.3% of cases were reported in those aged less than 20 years. Cosmetic treatment, family history, blood transfusion, and dental treatment were independent risk factors for HCV infection. Unexpectedly, cosmetic treatments [odd ratio (OR) = 5.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.31–11.48, P = 0.00] and family history (OR = 4.68, 95% CI = 2.67–8.75, P = 0.00) showed a higher risk than the conventional risk factors of blood transfusion (OR = 4.49, 95% CI = 1.95–10.37, P = 0.001) and dental treatment (OR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.42–6.25, P = 0.00). To further analyze the intrafamilial transmission, we found that spouses of HCV patients had an increased risk for acquiring HCV (OR = 5.75, 95% CI: 1.94–17.07), without significant association between either HCV RNA viral load (P = 0.29) or genotype (P = 0.43).ConclusionsHCV infection was increased in Yanbian Prefecture. Cosmetic treatment was a higher risk factor than medical procedure. HCV infection had a clear family clustering phenomenon, especially between spouses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Newly Diagnosed Rate and Changing Risk Factors of HCV in Yanbian Prefecture, a High Endemic Area in China

et al. 2014

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“…Transmission via transfusion was a main route of infection until 1991, but the possibility has become extremely low since a screening test was introduced for blood donors 44,45,46. The most important route of recent HCV transmission is the use of illicit drugs in developed countries such as the US or Europe; HCV prevalence rate is low,47 whereas anti-HCV prevalence in the IVDU group was reported as high as 50-90% 48.…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KASL clinical practice guidelines: Management of Hepatitis C

2014

Clin Mol Hepatol

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“…Shan et al . [49] comparing ID NAT with pools of 16 using Procleix Duplex reagent observed that the WP extended by 2.1 days for HIV and 2.4 days for HCV for MP16. González et al .…”

Section: Comparative Evaluation Of Id Versus Mp Nat Performance With mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors in enhancing blood safety by nucleic acid technology testing for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus

Shyamala

2014

Asian J Transfus Sci

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In the last few decades through an awareness of transfusion transmitted infections (TTI), a majority of countries have mandated serology based blood screening assays for Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, despite improved serology assays, the transfusion transmission of HIV, HCV, and HBV continues, primarily due to release of serology negative units that are infectious because of the window period (WP) and occult HBV infections (OBI). Effective mode of nucleic acid technology (NAT) testing of the viruses can be used to minimize the risk of TTIs. This review compiles the examples of NAT testing failures for all three viruses; analyzes the causes for failure, and the suggestions from retrospective studies to minimize such failures. The results suggest the safest path to be individual donation testing (ID) format for highest sensitivity, and detection of multiple regions for rapidly mutating and recombining viruses. The role of blood screening in the context of the donation and transfusion practices in India, the donor population, and the epidemiology is also discussed. World wide, as the public awareness of TTIs increases, as the recipient rights for safe blood are legally upheld, as the possibility to manage diseases such as hepatitis through expensive and prolonged treatment becomes accessible, and the societal responsibility to shoulder the health costs as in the case for HIV becomes routine, there is much to gain by preventing infections than treating diseases.

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A multi–Chinese blood center study testing serologic‐negative donor samples for hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus with nucleic acid testing

Abstract: The residual risk for transfusion-transmitted HCV infection is still relatively high in China. Incorporating NAT technology into blood donor screening would be estimated to reduce the residual risk of HCV infections eightfold over current EIA screening.

Cited by 26 publications

References 16 publications

Increasing Newly Diagnosed Rate and Changing Risk Factors of HCV in Yanbian Prefecture, a High Endemic Area in China

Increasing Newly Diagnosed Rate and Changing Risk Factors of HCV in Yanbian Prefecture, a High Endemic Area in China

KASL clinical practice guidelines: Management of Hepatitis C

Factors in enhancing blood safety by nucleic acid technology testing for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus

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