A multi-channel approach to brightness coding

Abstract

A model of brightness coding is presented which is shown to predict the appearance of a number of classical brightness phenomena. The model is known as MIDAAS which stands for Multiple Independent Descriptions Averaged Across Scale. In common with many other approaches to brightness perception MIDAAS imputes to local feature detectors a central role in the computation of brightness. It also explicitly recognises the crucial importance to brightness perception of feature detectors operating at different spatial scales. The unique and definitive feature of the model however is the supposition that each scale of spatial filtering operates as if to generate its own description of the pattern of brightness relationships in the image. The final percept is then provided by the composite of those individual brightness descriptions. It is shown that MIDAAS provides a good account of a variety of Mach band phenomena, the conditions under which the Missing Fundamental illusion is observed, the effect of occluding bars on the apparent contrast of step edges, the Chevreul illusion, simultaneous brightness contrast and the non-linear appearance of high contrast sinusoidal gratings. The advantages of MIDAAS over other approaches to brightness perception is discussed, as well as its current limitations.

Ramp edges, Mach bands, and the functional significance of the simple cell assembly

“…This is a fundamental difference with a recently published alternative approach in which parts of the responses of filters with impulse responses shaped like the second derivative of a Gaussian function are utilized in the reconstruction (Kingdom and Moulden 1992). However, the latter model includes already different types of nonlinearities: adaptation, thresholds, and nonlinear amplitude transfer functions (see also Blommaert and Martens 1990;Schouten 1993).…”

“…9) could reduce the effects because they lead to another balance between the contributions from different scales. This also enables a correct prediction of the appearance of a square-wave grating ~with missing fundamental: at low modulation depths it appears like a square-wave grating, but at high modulation depths it appears heavily "cusped" [see the criticism of the local energy method by Kingdom and Moulden (1992)]. …”

Soldier-in-the-Loop Target Acquisition Performance Prediction Through 2001: Integration of Perceptual and Cognitive Models

“…Typically, these models are geared toward a basic understanding of the visual system and do not constitute fullscale models of target acquisition. Examples of these models include MIRAGE 7 (Watt & Morgan, 1985), MIDAAS 8 (Kingdom & Moulden, 1992), and various vision models by 6 ORACLE is not an acronym. 7 The acronym MIRAGE is nothing short of a description in and of itself: "Multiple Independent filters of various sizes and with both signs, half-wave Rectified before Averaging.…”

“…MIRAGE (Watt & Morgan, 1985) and MIDAAS (Kingdom & Moulden, 1992) are not models of target acquisition per se but are models of how physiological processes can extract meaningful feature information from a scene. Both models concern one-dimensional stimuli only.…”

Influencia de la orientación, color y frecuencia de una red de Ronchi en la asimilación cromática (efecto Bezold) producida en la visión de una secuencia rectangular situada en su interior

“…La característica única y definitiva del modelo es la suposición de que cada escala de filtrado espacial opera como si fuera a generar su propia descripción del patrón de las relaciones de brillo en la imagen. La percepción final es proporcionada por la combinación de las descripciones de brillo individual [Kingdom, 1992].…”