A multi-analytical investigation of the materials and painting technique of a wall painting from the church of Copacabana de Andamarca (Bolivia)

Tomasini, Eugenia; Rodríguez, Diana Castellanos; Gómez, Blanca A.; Faria, Dalva Lúcia Araújo de; Landa, Carlos Rúa; Siracusano, Gabriela; Maier, Marta S.

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2016.04.020

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…1d) of the mural. Fragments with an area less than 1 mm 2 were embedded into an acrylic transparent resin as described in [4]. The cross-sections ( Fig.…”

Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results presented here are part of an ongoing interdisciplinary investigation on the chromatic palette and the technique of execution of relevant mural paintings in Andean churches along the Ruta de la Plata [3][4][5]. In the present study, micro samples from one of the mural paintings of the church of San Andrés de Pachama were analyzed by a combination of micro-Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) in order to determine the chromatic palette and the painting technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of pigments and binders in a mural painting from the Andean church of San Andrés de Pachama (northernmost of Chile)

et al. 2018

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The Andean church of San Andrés de Pachama is located in the highland of the northernmost of Chile, near the limit with Bolivia and next to the Ruta de la Plata. This commercial route contributed in the past to the transport and commerce of various raw materials, such as silver, from the Andean mountains region to the Pacific Ocean coast and then to the European market. The walls inside the church are decorated with paintings from the end of the eighteenth century that reproduce religious motivs together with flowers, fruits, and birds. In this study, micro samples taken from one of the mural paintings have been analysed to acquire information on the artistic materials and the painting technique previous to the restoration of the paintings. Analysis by micro-Raman spectroscopy complemented with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection allowed the identification of orpiment, vermilion, indigo, smalt, antlerite, hematite, carmine lake, and wood charcoal as pigments as well as gypsum as the ground layer. Lipidic and proteinaceous materials extracted from the microsamples were identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and indicated the use of a mixture of egg and siccative oil as binders and a secco painting technique involving animal glue as the plaster primer. Smalt and the prized cochineal lake are reported for the first time in an Andean colonial mural painting.

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“…1d) of the mural. Fragments with an area less than 1 mm 2 were embedded into an acrylic transparent resin as described in [4]. The cross-sections ( Fig.…”

Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of pigments and binders in a mural painting from the Andean church of San Andrés de Pachama (northernmost of Chile)

et al. 2018

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“…Similarmente, pinturas murais também tem atraído o interesse de pesquisadores, especialmente aquelas localizadas em igrejas (ARAYA et al, 2014;TOMASINI et al, 2016;RUA et al, 2017;TASCON et al, 2017), mas murais em outros contextos também foram investigados como os feitos pelos Mochicas do Vale do Jequetepeque (SARDOS et al, 2017), além de murais contemporâneos (AGUAYO et al, 2011;MORETTI et al, 2013).…”

Section: Aplicações Em Estudos De Bens Culturais -América Do Sulunclassified

“…Policromias em madeira vem sendo analisadas por pesquisadores sul americanos na tentativa de compreender as técnicas e materiais empregados no período colonial FREITAS et al, 2016). Da mesma forma, pinturas sobre tela, madeira ou metal são estudadas com diferentes perspectivas, como a caracterização de materiais e técnicas (DE OLIVEIRA et al, 1998;HALAC et al, 2012;MARTE et al, 2014;BADILLO-SANCHEZA e BAUMANN, 2016;RODRI-GUEZ-GACITUA et al, 2016;TOMASINI et al, 2016) assim como sua degradação, levando à formação de eflorescência em sua superfície (PUGLIERI et al, 2016).…”

Section: Aplicações Em Estudos De Bens Culturais -América Do Sulunclassified

“…A identificação de corantes e pigmentos por espectroscopia Raman é um procedimento que vem se tornando rotineiro em investigações de bens culturais e é o tópico mais recorrente nos estudos empregando a técnica, inclusive na América do Sul (DE OLIVEIRA et al, 1998;DE LA FUENTE e MARTINEZ, 2008;AGUAYO et al, 2010;DARCHUK et al, 2010;DE FARIA e PUGLIERI, 2011;DE FARIA et al, 2011;ACEVEDO et al, 2012;BUGLIANI et al, 2012;CENTENO et al, 2012;HALAC et al, 2012;MARTE et al, 2012;MORETTI et al, 2013;TOMASINI et al, 2013;MARTE et al, 2014;OGALDE et al, 2014;ACEVEDO et al, 2015;OGALDE et al, 2015;SEPULVEDA et al, 2015;DE FARIA e PUGLIERI, 2016;FREIRE et al, 2016;TOMASINI et al, 2016). Algumas publicações que não envolvem bens culturais sul americanos, mas que resultaram de análises realizadas no Brasil também podem ser citados, como é o caso de pigmentos egípcios antigos (DAVID et al, 2001;EDWARDS et al, 2004) e de pigmentos em pinturas murais romano-britânicas na região de Northamptonshire, Reino Unido (EDWARDS et al, 2003 , v. XV, n.30., p. 344-365 A corrosão de objetos feitos em metal também é tema de interesse, em especial no contexto da conservação preventiva.…”

Section: Aplicações Em Estudos De Bens Culturais -América Do Sulunclassified

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Espectroscopia Raman e a Ciência do Patrimônio: aspectos gerais e panorama atual na América do Sul

Faria

2018

Cad. LEPAARQ

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As últimas décadas tem presenciado um crescente aumento no uso de métodos físico-químicos de análise de bens culturais. Algumas dessas técnicas tem se mostrado particularmente úteis pelo caráter não invasivo e não destrutivo que apresentam e, dentre elas, a espectroscopia Raman apresenta posição de destaque. Neste artigo, essas características da técnica são detalhadas, bem como são apresentados os fundamentos teóricos do espalhamento inelástico de luz e discutidos alguns aspectos práticos de sua utilização. Finalmente, é apresentado um levantamento detalhado dos grupos de pesquisa da América do Sul, voltados ao estudo de bens culturais, que tem se utilizado dessa ferramenta analítica e em qual tipo de questionamentos vem sendo aplicada. Abstract: The last decades have witnessed an ever growing increase in the usage of physico-chemical methods to investigate cultural heritage problems. Some of these techniques are proving to be particularly useful in such a context, due to their non-invasive and non-destructive nature; among them, Raman spectroscopy occupies a prominent position. In this paper, such characteristics of the technique are detailed and the physical basis of inelastic light scattering are presented, together with some practical aspects of its applications. Finally, it is here offered a detailed survey in the literature on the South American research groups devoted to the investigation of cultural heritage issues who are using Raman spectroscopy, and the type of interrogation carried on.

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Identification and characterization of basic copper sulfates as mineral green pigments in Andean colonial mural paintings: Use of temperature‐controlled stage for the study of thermal induced antlerite degradation

Tomasini

Costantini

Landa³

et al. 2021

J Raman Spectroscopy

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This work describes the characterization of green pigments in wall paintings from the Andean churches of San José de Soracachi and Santiago de Callapa in Bolivia, located on an ancient colonial commercial route known as the Silver Route. To approach our goal, microsamples extracted from the mural paintings and mineral samples, from a mine of the same area, were studied by using micro-Raman spectroscopy complemented with micro-energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (μ-EDXRF) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis. The use of gypsum as the preparation layer was detected, and it suggests a secco painting technique. Antlerite, a basic copper sulfate, was identified suggesting a preference for its use as green pigment in the mural paintings of Andean churches that may be related to the local availability of this mineral. Indeed, this study revealed the presence of heterogeneous particles of the basic copper sulfate together with aluminosilicates, quartz and iron oxides among others, which points to a mineral origin of the green pigment because the same compounds were found in the samples taken in the mine. Because a phase transition has been noticed during the Raman analyses, due to a high power of the laser radiation, some tests have been carried out, varying the laser power, and coupling the Raman spectrometer to a temperature-controlled stage to verify under which conditions the degradation of the mineral sample of antlerite occurs

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A multi-analytical investigation of the materials and painting technique of a wall painting from the church of Copacabana de Andamarca (Bolivia)

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Characterization of pigments and binders in a mural painting from the Andean church of San Andrés de Pachama (northernmost of Chile)

Characterization of pigments and binders in a mural painting from the Andean church of San Andrés de Pachama (northernmost of Chile)

Espectroscopia Raman e a Ciência do Patrimônio: aspectos gerais e panorama atual na América do Sul

Identification and characterization of basic copper sulfates as mineral green pigments in Andean colonial mural paintings: Use of temperature‐controlled stage for the study of thermal induced antlerite degradation

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