A Mouse Periodontitis Model With Humanized Oral Bacterial Community

Abstract

Increasing evidence suggests that periodontitis, characterized by oral dysbiosis, is a critical player in the progression of multiple systemic diseases in humans. However, there is still a lack of a proper mouse model of periodontitis with the colonization of human periodontitis-associated bacteria. We here established a new mouse periodontitis model by combining ligation of the second molars with application of subgingival plaques from periodontitis patients. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Taxonomic classification, we found that human periodontitis-associated bacteria efficiently colonized in the mouse model and were enriched in both ligature silk and mouse saliva. Furthermore, the well-recognized periodontal pathogens including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, and Tannerella forsythia were enriched in the new model, but not in ligature-induced periodontitis model or Sham mice. The human periodontitis-associated bacteria potently aggravated mouse periodontitis, as demonstrated by more severe bone resorption and higher expression of inflammatory and osteoclastogenesis genes. In summary, the new mouse periodontitis model paves the way for studying human periodontitis-associated bacteria in oral diseases and systemic diseases.

Recombinant neutralizing secretory IgA antibodies for preventing mucosal acquisition and transmission of SARS-CoV-2

“…The in vivo study addressed protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in an hACE2 mouse model that was previously successfully used to demonstrate IgG-mediated protection. 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 Although this model is appropriate for demonstrating antibody-mediated protection from COVA2-15 and 2E8, the differences between the oral mucosal environment in mice and humans are such that we would not expect that this model could be used to illustrate any of the nuanced differences between different types of human antibodies. 61 , 62 We believe that the functional advantages of human SIgA mAbs are likely only to be discernible in vivo , at human clinical trials, in the context of a human mucosal environment and microbiome.…”

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) alleviates the inflammatory response and recovers oral microbiota in acetic acid-induced oral inflammation mice

“…Similarly, the dominance of Staphylococcus species observed in mice was not found in the human oral microflora. 82 The regulation of human oral microbiota by EGCG should be further confirmed by oral-microbiome-humanized animal models or clinical investigations. Several limitations should be acknowledged in this study.…”

Ncor1 Deficiency Promotes Osteoclastogenesis and Exacerbates Periodontitis

“…However, the differences between mice and humans are not only genetic and epigenetic but are also related to the characteristics of their environment (Perlman 2016). There are also differences in the immune systems between mice and humans, and the PD-associated microbiota in mice differs markedly from that of humans (Bai et al 2022). Moreover, experimental PD induced by the silk ligure is an acute disease model and can be quite different from the etiological process of human PD.…”