A Morphometric Study of the Adrenal Cortex of the Female DDD Mouse

Tsujio, Masashi; Mizorogi, Toshihiro; Nishijima, Ken‐ichi; Kuwahara, Sachi; Aoyama, Hiroaki; Ohno, Tamio; Tanaka, Shin

doi:10.1292/jvms.71.183

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…It is reported that ZX persists in some strains more than days in male mice. 4,29 In our study ZX was not found in 50–75 day-old male mice.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…For the understanding of these differences, it is appropriate to investigate the quantitative and/or qualitative parameters of particular characteristics of the physiologically related organs, such as the adrenal glands. In literature, a number of studies exist about their morphometric parameters in mice [1][2][3][4] and rats. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] To our knowledge though, there are no studies comparing morphometric parameters between the two species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adrenal glands of mice and rats: A comparative morphometric study

et al. 2021

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Mice and rats are among the most used laboratory animals. They share numerous similarities along with differences, some yet unexplored. One of them is the morphometry of their adrenal glands, whose characteristics may be related to differences in energy management, immune response, drug metabolism, behaviour and temperament. The present study tries to fill this knowledge gap with the evaluation and comparison of adrenal gland anatomical/morphometric parameters of mice and rats. In groups of 10 ( n = 10) adult, male and female BALB/c mice and Wistar rats, one in every 20 sections transverse to the longitudinal axis of the gland was used for measuring entire gland area, capsule, entire cortex, cortex zones and medulla with the aid of an image analysis system and subjected to statistical analysis. Quotients of the individual areas were calculated and comparison between the resulting ratios was performed. Gland length and volume were also calculated. Statistically significant differences were revealed between the rat female and male cortex area, rat and mouse medulla/cortex, medulla/gland, zona glomerulosa/cortex and cortex/gland ratios, male and female rats’ medulla/cortex, medulla/gland, capsule/gland, zona glomerulosa/cortex, zona reticularis/cortex and zona glomerulosa/zona fasciculata ratios, length and volume. The correlation evaluation revealed that in male rats and in female mice the larger medulla area was accompanied by a larger cortex area and vice versa. In general, a larger cortex area was accompanied by larger areas of cortex zones. The collected data and the revealed differences can possibly contribute to the understanding of the physiology of the two species.

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“…It is reported that ZX persists in some strains more than days in male mice. 4,29 In our study ZX was not found in 50–75 day-old male mice.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenal glands of mice and rats: A comparative morphometric study

et al. 2021

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“…5 The ZG is the outer layer of the cortex adjacent to the capsule composed of small and clear cells. In rodents, 5 to 10 cell layers (Ϸ50 m) form a continuous zone 6,7 ; in humans, in contrast, the ZG is discontinuous. 8,9 Received June 25, 2010; first decision July 12, 2010; revision accepted September 2, 2010.…”

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confidence: 99%

Adrenal Cortex Remodeling and Functional Zona Glomerulosa Hyperplasia in Primary Aldosteronism

et al. 2010

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Abstract-Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of secondary hypertension with hypokalemia and suppressed renin-angiotensin system caused by autonomous aldosterone production. Our aim was to compare zona glomerulosa (ZG) structure and function between control adrenals and the peritumoral tissue from patients operated on for aldosterone-producing adenoma. ZG morphology and CYP11B1, CYP11B2, and disabled 2 expression were studied in 15 control adrenals and 25 adrenals with aldosterone-producing adenoma. A transcriptome analysis was done using publicly available data sets. In control adrenals, ZG was discontinuous, and CYP11B2 expression was focal or partly continuous and localized to 3 structures, foci, megafoci, and aldosterone-producing cell clusters. CYP11B2 expression was restricted to a limited number of ZG cells expressing Dab2 but not CYP11B1; aldosterone-producing cell clusters were composed of cells with an intermediate phenotype expressing CYP11B2 but not disabled 2 or CYP11B1. In peritumoral tissue, large remodeling of the adrenal cortex was observed with increased nodulation and decreased vascularization that were not correlated with CYP11B2 expression. In 17 out of 25 adrenals, hyperplasia of adjacent ZG was observed with persistent expression of CYP11B2 that was extended to the entire ZG. In all of the adrenals from patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma, CYP11B2 expression was present in foci, megafoci, and aldosteroneproducing cell clusters. Transcriptome profiling indicates a close relationship between peritumoral and control adrenal cortex. In conclusion, adrenal cortex remodeling, reduced vascularization, and ZG hyperplasia are major features of adrenals with aldosterone-producing adenoma. Transcriptional phenotyping is not in favor of this being an intermediate step toward the formation of aldosterone-producing adenoma. (Hypertension. 2010;56:885-892.)Key Words: zona glomerulosa hyperplasia Ⅲ aldosterone-producing adenoma Ⅲ secondary hypertension Ⅲ adrenal cortex remodeling Ⅲ aldosterone Ⅲ potassium Ⅲ transcriptome P rimary aldosteronism (PAL) is the most common form of endocrine hypertension with a prevalence of 7% to 10% of hypertensive patients. 1 In PAL, autonomous production of aldosterone is associated with suppressed renin activity, hypokalemia, and hypertension. The two principal forms are unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), a benign tumor of the adrenal cortex, and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, also known as idiopathic hyperaldosteronism. Whereas in APA the adjacent zona glomerulosa (ZG) is believed to be nonfunctional because of negative feedback regulation, bilateral adrenal hyperplasia involves the entire ZG of both adrenal glands. 2 Patients with PAL operated on the basis of an APA, and/or a lateralized aldosterone hypersecretion can be cured by unilateral adrenalectomy. However, only Ϸ70% of patients with lateralized aldosterone secretion are cured by surgery, 3 suggesting that, in some cases, residual aldosterone secretion from the contralateral adrenal g...

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“…Vacuolated cells were detected in the innermost cortex of Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1 flox/flox and Nr5a1 + /− adrenals. In terms of morphology, vacuolated and non-vacuolated cell types have been observed in the X zone, and the presence or absence of the vacuolated X zone differs depending on various factors, including the mouse strain, sex, age, and physiological conditions, such as virgin or parous 26 , 27 . In a study by Tanaka and Matsuzawa 26 , vacuolated X-zone cells were observed in DDD virgin females at ages 35 and 70 days, but not in age-matched mice of C57BL/6 J, which was the mouse strain used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they lacked the expression of both 3βHSD and 20αHSD, and seemed different from the so-called X-zone cells, which are positive for both of the above. Vacuolation in the X-zone is thought to be related to cellular degeneration 27 . In BalB/c mice, X-zone regression in pregnant females is accompanied by the loss of 20α-HSD activity and development of lipid vacuoles 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional disruption of Nr5a1 directed by Sox9-Cre impairs adrenal development

Tagami,

Ikeda,

Ishizuka

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The current study aimed to investigate the effect of Sox9-Cre-directed Nr5a1-conditional knockout (Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1flox/flox) on adrenal development. We showed that SOX9 is expressed by adrenocortical cells at E10.5–E11.5 but is extinguished no later than E12.5. The number of adrenocortical cells significantly reduced in Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1flox/flox mice while the number of cleaved caspase 3-positive cells increased compared to that in the controls at E11.5–E12.5, when the adrenal primordium (AP) is about to expand. This indicated that fetal adrenocortical cells are lost via apoptosis due to Nr5a1 ablation by E12.5. Both medulla formation and encapsulation were perturbed, accompanied by a smaller AP size, in Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1flox/flox mice during embryonic development. Adult Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1flox/flox adrenals were hypoplastic and exhibited irregular organization of the medulla with aberrant sex differentiation in the X zone. Additionally, there were histologically eosin-negative vacuolated cells, which were negative for both the X-zone marker 20αHSD and the steroidogenesis marker 3βHSD at the innermost cortex of Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1flox/flox adrenals. Although Nr5a1+/− adrenals were hypoplastic, a small number of chromaffin cells were properly located in the center, having normal sex differences in the X-zone. The results collectively provided in-vivo evidence that Nr5a1 plays a critical role in AP expansion and subsequent adrenal development.

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A Morphometric Study of the Adrenal Cortex of the Female DDD Mouse

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Adrenal glands of mice and rats: A comparative morphometric study

Adrenal glands of mice and rats: A comparative morphometric study

Adrenal Cortex Remodeling and Functional Zona Glomerulosa Hyperplasia in Primary Aldosteronism

Conditional disruption of Nr5a1 directed by Sox9-Cre impairs adrenal development

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