A Monte Carlo generator for cosmic-ray collisions

Capdevielle, J N

doi:10.1088/0954-3899/15/6/018

Cited by 70 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Inelastic proton-air cross sections as a function of energy, according to experimental data (Mielke et al, 1994;Yodh et al, 1983;Gaisser, et al, 1987;Baltrusaitis et al, 1984;Honda et al, 1993;Aglietta et al, 1997) and according to the models in the CORSIKA and MOCCA Monte Carlo Programs. VENUS (Werner, 1993), HDPM (Capdevielle, 1989) and DPMJET (Ranft, 1995) are the hadronic interaction models at high energies provided in the CORSIKA Monte Carlo Program. From Knapp, 1997.…”

Section: Longitudinal Development Of Proton Iron and Gamma-ray Primmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations and implications of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays

2000

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The authors define ''ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays'' (UHECRs) as those cosmic rays with energies above 10 18 eV. It had been anticipated that there would be a cutoff in the energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays around 6ϫ10 19 eV induced by the interaction of the particles with the 2.7-K primordial photons. However, recent experimental data have established that particles exist with energies greatly exceeding this. It follows that the sources of such particles are probably nearby, on a cosmological scale. However, although the trajectories of such energetic particles through the galactic and intergalactic magnetic fields may be nearly rectilinear, no astronomical sources have as yet been identified. This is the enigma of the highest-energy cosmic rays. The paper reviews the history of research in this energy regime and critically assesses the observational results on the energy spectrum, arrival directions, and composition of the primary cosmic rays based on observations made by six experiments. The detection methods currently available are described. Special techniques have been developed as particles of 10 20 eV or higher occur at a rate of only about 1 per km 2 per century. Errors in measurement are given particular attention. The authors also review the theoretical predictions for a number of candidate sources of cosmic rays beyond the predicted cutoff. Finally, the four major projects planned to address the question of the origin of UHECRs are briefly described. CONTENTS

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Section: Longitudinal Development Of Proton Iron and Gamma-ray Primmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations and implications of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays

2000

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“…QGSJet 01 [16,17] and Sibyll 2.1 [18,19]. Furthermore it must be kept in mind that many other models are considered as outdated or just not fashionable like neXus [20,21], HDMP [22], DPMJET [23], DTUJET [24], VENUS [25] etc. .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton-Air Cross Section and Extensive Air Showers

Ulrich

Engel

Müller

et al. 2009

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements

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Hadronic cross sections at ultra-high energy have a significant impact on the development of extensive air shower cascades. Therefore the interpretation of air shower data depends critically on hadronic interaction models that extrapolate the cross section from accelerator measurements to the highest cosmic ray energies. We discuss how extreme scenarios of cross section extrapolations can affect the interpretation of air shower data. We find that the theoretical uncertainty of the extrapolated proton-air cross section at ultra-high energies is much larger than suggested by the existing spread of available Monte Carlo model predictions. The impact on the depth of the shower maximum is demonstrated.

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“…2a for the relation 3 − 1 with √ s = 8 TeV included in GHOST. The procedure is the same than the generation introduced in CORSIKA [2]. For each random value of N ch one complete set of rapidities is generated by GHOST for all secondaries (as indicated is subsection 3 − 3).…”

Section: Pseudorapidity Distribution and Mean Multiplicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Section 3 is focused on the new four component model GHOST (Generator Hadronic Oversteering Secondary Treatment) [1] used to explore the fluctuations of multiplicity and the violation of KNO (Koba-Nielsen-Olsen) scaling. The extension of the generator HDPM [2] previously inserted in CORSIKA [3] is described in [1]. Section 4 recalls a few measurements not explained in cosmic ray data above √ s = 5 TeV, especially in the case of very high energy spectra of secondaries measured in EAS and γ-ray families.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The multi-sources M. C. collision generator GHOST for C R simulations at LHC energies

Capdevielle¹,

Plebaniak²

2016

Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2015)

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An extension of the model HDPM of CORSIKA has been developed taking the opportunity of the measurements performed presently by CMS, LHCb, TOTEM ... The new model GHOST involving a 4-source production is presented here. It reproduces correctly the pseudo-rapidity distributions of charged secondaries and can help the approach of the inclusive and semi-inclusive data in the mid and forward rapidity region, especially in the complex case of TOTEM. An important enhancement of both mean multiplicity and central pseudorapidity density is pointed out. Short range extrapolations up to √ s = 13 TeV suggest important consequences in the interpretation of cosmic ray measurements up to 10 17 eV. In parallel, simulation of cascades and EAS are also carried out in order to understand unexpected results in energy distributions of very high energy γ's, collected with X-ray emulsion chambers. If confirmed by the present and next measurements of the LHC at √ s = 13 − 15 TeV, the enhancement of multiplicities will generate new developments of EAS simulation, amended to take into account adequate guidelines of extrapolation; this will give the opportunity of a new interpretation of the cosmic ray results up to 10 20 eV.

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A Monte Carlo generator for cosmic-ray collisions

Cited by 70 publications

References 32 publications

Observations and implications of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays

Observations and implications of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays

Proton-Air Cross Section and Extensive Air Showers

The multi-sources M. C. collision generator GHOST for C R simulations at LHC energies

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