A Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Graphene Sensor Antenna Hybrid for Ultra Sensitive Chemical Detection

Template Imprinting Versus Porogen Imprinting of Small Molecules: A Review of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Gas Sensing

“…Examples of this include a porogen imprinted polymer amongst the most sensitive of MIPs discoverable in the literature. Adams et al, produced a MIP by the electropolymerisation of phenol (5 mM) with methyl salicylate (template, 28 mM) onto a single layer of graphene [ 20 ]. The resulting sensor gave a response proportional to methyl salicylate concentration in the sub-ppb range, down to a limit of detection of approximately 10 ppt (parts-per-trillion).…”

“…Gas sensor elements based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have several advantages over alternative technologies in their durability and selectivity [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] and have previously demonstrated application in food analysis [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ], explosives detection [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], medical diagnosis [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], and pollution monitoring [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Detection limits of MIP sensors may be in the ppt range [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], interferent binding can be negligible [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], and the range of possible target molecules is extremely broad.…”

“…Template (conventional) imprinting is a process resulting in a specific and discreet binding site with affinity significantly greater than that observed by non-selective binding at a non-imprinted site on the same material. Porogen imprinting is the retention of affinity for a specific solvent by a material, on the surface of that material and within pores [ 20 ]. The emphasis on monomer-template ratio here is a product of standard imprinting theory, in that affinity and selectivity are presumed to derive from the interaction of multiple polymer functionalities in the binding site [ 179 , 180 ].…”

Application of molecular imprinting technology based on new nanomaterials in adsorption and detection of fluoroquinolones

“…Graphene is a two-dimensional network of carbon allotropes, containing a conjugated sp 2 carbon honeycomb structure, which has a large specific surface area, high recombination ability, high electrical conductivity and almost no crystal defects, which is conducive to complete template removal. 72 The small size and extremely high surface-to-volume ratio facilitate the localization of most template molecules on the surface, resulting in improved kinetics and accessibility of target molecules. Graphene oxide (GO) is a well-known carbon-based material that provides a two-dimensional environment with high specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and high mechanical strength for electron transport, making it ideal for electrochemical sensors.…”

Low power third harmonic generation and all-optical switching by graphene surface plasmons

“…In 2004, Novoselov et al introduced the first twodimensional (2D) material called 'graphene' to the world of quantum mechanics, which exhibits unique optical properties like zero-overlap semimetal, high electron conductivity [18][19][20]. Graphene has been exploited in many applications because of its unique optical properties [21][22][23][24][25]; for example, optical switches [26][27][28], logical gates [29], modulators [30], antennas [31,32], filters [22], and sensors [33,34].…”