A molecular phylogeny reveals the Cuban enigmatic genus Behaimia as a new piece in the Brongniartieae puzzle of papilionoid legumes

Abstract

This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. E-mail address: luciano.paganucci@gmail.com (L.P. de Queiroz). ABSTRACTThe papilionoid legume tribe Brongniartieae comprises a collection of 13 genera with disparate morphologies that were previously positioned in at least three remotely related tribes. The Brongniartieae displays a wide geographical disjunction between Australia and the New World and previous phylogenetic studies had provided conflicting results about the relationships between the American and Australian genera. We carry out phylogenetic analyses of (1) a plastid matK dataset extensively sampled across legumes to solve the enigmatic relationship of the Cuban-endemic monospecific genus Behaimia; and (2) multilocus datasets with focus on all genera ever referred toBrongniartieae. These analyses resulted in a well-resolved and strongly-supported phylogenetic tree of the Brongniartieae. Increased molecular sampling in papilionoid legume phylogeny has dramatically changed our understanding of the evolution and taxonomic classification in this species rich lineage of economically and ecologically important legumes (family Leguminosae).The prevailing traditional hypotheses of generic relationships assumed that the papilionate flower would be a signature of the most "derived" groups, whereas the more caesalpinioid and mimosoid-like floral organizations, involving undifferentiated petals and free stamens, marked mostly the "primitive" tribes within the subfamily Papilionoideae (Polhill, 1981a). Hence, such an evolutionary perspective has largely influenced the way in which the modern subfamily, tribe, and even genus-level classification of legumes was built (LPWG, 2013(LPWG, , 2017. In the past 15 years, molecular phylogenetic studies have underpinned dramatic taxonomic changes after revealing unexpected relationships, suggesting that floral architecture is relatively labile in the early-branching papilionoid lineages (e.g. Pennington et al., 2001;Wojciechowski et al., 2004; Cardoso et al., 2012aCardoso et al., , 2013aCardoso et al., , 2015Ramos et al., 2016).The recent examples of broad phylogenetic re-alignments that were unexpectedly revealed in the early-branching genera of Papilionoideae (Cardoso et al., 2012a(Cardoso et al., , 2012b(Cardoso et al., , 2012c(Cardoso et al., , 2013a(Cardoso et al., , 2017Ramos et al., 2016; Castellanos et al., in press) are not an exception across legumes. For example, dramatic shuffling in the placement of genera has also been necessary within the species-rich canavanine-accumulating clade (Wojciechowski et al., 2004;Silva et al., 2012;Sirichamorn et al., ...

Highly Resolved Papilionoid Legume Phylogeny Based on Plastid Phylogenomics

“…Closing the sampling gaps within and between matK -only and complete plastome datasets could shed light on future sampling directions in Papilionoideae phylogenomics. Since Cardoso et al (2013a) estimated the number of early-branching papilionoid genera that were not sampled for matK sequence data (52 out of the 196), there has been great progress in filling the sampling gap by virtue of individual locus or whole plastome sequences (e.g., Cardoso et al, 2015 , 2017 ; Swanepoel et al, 2015 ; LPWG et al, 2017 ; Queiroz et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ). Our matK -only + plastome combined data set ( Supplementary Table 5 ) includes 39 genera that were previously unsampled by Cardoso et al (2013a) , however, 12 genera (one is synonymized, see Supplementary Table 6 ) still remain to be fully sequenced.…”

“…Previous phylogenetic studies using the coding sequences of the plastid rbcL (e.g., Doyle et al, 1997 ; Kajita et al, 2001 ) and matK genes (e.g., Wojciechowski et al, 2004 ; Cardoso et al, 2012a , 2013a , 2015 ; Ramos et al, 2016 ; Castellanos et al, 2017 ; LPWG et al, 2017 ; Queiroz et al, 2017 ), as well as a supermatrix approach ( McMahon and Sanderson, 2006 ), sampled densely across the Papilionoideae, revealed many new clades, unexpected generic re-alignments, and placed several taxonomically orphan genera. However, these studies left the Papilionoideae backbone phylogeny and the placement of several evolutionary key genera largely unresolved.…”

Molecular‐based phylogenetic placement and revision of Micrasepalum (Spermacoceae‐Rubiaceae)

“…Liogier, 1986;Acevedo-Rodríguez & Strong, 2008, 2012, since the "golden age" of botanical exploration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when most endemics were also discovered (Francisco-Ortega & al., 2007). However, many Caribbean-endemic angiosperm genera are still poorly understood both taxonomically and phylogenetically (Francisco-Ortega & al., 2007), despite recent advances (e.g., Queiroz & al., 2017;Torres-Montúfar & al., 2017). This is the case of Micrasepalum Urb., a genus endemic to Cuba and Hispaniola, that has traditionally been placed in the tribe Spermacoceae s.str., or currently known as the Spermacoce clade (Kårehed & al., 2008;Salas & al., 2015) because of its typical morphological features: herbaceous habit, fimbriate stipules, and uniovulate locules.…”

Two new species of Poecilanthe (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Brongniartieae) from Bolivia and Brazil

“…also recognised two distinct clades in the genus and placed P. grandiflora and P. ulei with P. falcata. Although including fewer species in their studies, Cardoso et al (2017) and de Queiroz et al (2017) presented the same relationship between these two clades of Poecilanthe, but neither study included specimens of the two new species proposed here.…”