A molecular phylogeny of the genus<i>Laubuka</i>(Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka reveals multiple origins and a cryptic species

Sudasinghe, Hiranya; Pethiyagoda, Rohan; Meegaskumbura, Madhava

doi:10.1080/14772000.2020.1771468

Cited by 15 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…While haplotypes are not shared between these four haplogroups, compared with S. pleurotaenia , their haplotype and nucleotide diversities are low. Such a phylogeographic pattern has been observed also in other Sri Lankan cyprinids, such as Laubuka, Rasbora and Devario (Sudasinghe, Pethiyagoda, & Meegaskumbura, 2020a; 2020b; Sudasinghe, Pethiyagoda, Ranasinghe, et al, 2020). Given that S. sarana are abundant in both lotic and lentic waters in the lowland floodplain that surrounds the island's central mountains, the barriers to dispersal across the basins remain to be determined.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The methods of DNA extraction, PCR amplification and PCR product purification for the two mitochondrial markers follow Sudasinghe, Ranasinghe, et al (2018), Ali, Dahanukar, Kanagavel, Philip, & Raghavan (2013) and Katwate, Paingankar, Jadhav, & Dahanukar (2013). Those for the nuclear marker follow Sudasinghe, Pethiyagoda, and Meegaskumbura (2020a). The newly generated sequences were verified using ChromasPro v1.34 (Technelysium Pty Ltd, Australia) and the consensus sequences of the 5′ and 3′ strands were prepared using MEGA v. 7.0 (Kumar, Stecher, & Tamura, 2016…”

Section: Dna Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity, phylogeny and biogeography of Systomus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka

et al. 2020

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The South and SouthEast Asian freshwater fish genus Systomus (Cyprinidae) comprises 17 valid species. Six nominal species, including three endemics, have been reported from Sri Lanka, a continental island separated from India by a shallow-shelf sea. The species diversity of Systomus on the island has until now not been assessed; neither has an evaluation been made of their phylogenetic history. Here, based on an analysis of the nuclear recombination activating protein 1 (rag1), and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and cytochrome b (cytb) gene markers, and a morphological examination of 143 specimens from 49 locations in Sri Lanka, we reassess the diversity of Systomus on the island and analyse patterns of their evolution and biogeography. Divergence-time estimates, based on a substitution rate calibration, date the basal split between Systomus and its sister group, the Afrotropical small barbs, to 30.0 Ma (95% highest posterior density: 25.4-35.2 Ma). The species of Systomus belong to two distinct clades. The first includes the Sri Lankan endemics S. asoka, S. martenstyni and S. pleurotaenia, which comprise an insular diversification following the immigration of a common ancestor during the Oligocene. The second, which includes the remaining species of Indian, Sri Lankan and SouthEast Asian Systomus, has a crown age dating to the Late Miocene. Morphological and molecular species delimitation analyses failed to validate the two nominal species, S. spilurus and S. timbiri, previously reported from Sri Lanka: both are considered synonyms of S. sarana, as are the nomina S. chryseus, S. chrysopoma, S. laticeps, S. rufus, S. pinnauratus and S. subnasutus. Four genetically and geographically discrete lineages of S. sarana occur in the island, and three in India. Molecular species delimitation analysis suggests these all belong to a single species, S. sarana. The genetically distinct Sri Lankan populations of S. sarana result from Plio-Pleistocene dispersal or vicariance events between India and Sri Lanka-as a result of emergence and inundation of the now submerged isthmus connecting the two landmasses-as well as autochthonous insular diversification.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Dna Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, phylogeny and biogeography of Systomus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka

et al. 2020

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“…4) recovered P. nigrofasciata as two well-supported, sympatric subclades, one spanning the distribution of the species in Sri Lanka, from the Attanagalu to the Walawe basins, and the other confined to the region between the Kalu and Gin basins, inclusive. Such a pattern has not been observed in the other phylogeographic studies of Sri Lankan cyprinids published so far [5,11,14,15,39]. Given that our genetic dataset is limited, it is difficult to offer an explanation for this observation.…”

Section: Phylogeographymentioning

confidence: 61%

Molecular phylogeny and phylogeography of the freshwater-fish genus Pethia (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka

Sudasinghe

Ranasinghe²,

Herath

et al. 2021

BMC Ecol Evo

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Background Sri Lanka is a continental island separated from India by the Palk Strait, a shallow-shelf sea, which was emergent during periods of lowered sea level. Its biodiversity is concentrated in its perhumid south-western ‘wet zone’. The island’s freshwater fishes are dominated by the Cyprinidae, characterized by small diversifications of species derived from dispersals from India. These include five diminutive, endemic species of Pethia (P. bandula, P. cumingii, P. melanomaculata, P. nigrofasciata, P. reval), whose evolutionary history remains poorly understood. Here, based on comprehensive geographic sampling, we explore the phylogeny, phylogeography and morphological diversity of the genus in Sri Lanka. Results The phylogenetic analyses, based on mitochondrial and nuclear loci, recover Sri Lankan Pethia as polyphyletic. The reciprocal monophyly of P. bandula and P. nigrofasciata, and P. cumingii and P. reval, is not supported. Pethia nigrofasciata, P. cumingii, and P. reval show strong phylogeographic structure in the wet zone, compared with P. melanomaculata, which ranges across the dry and intermediate zones. Translocated populations of P. nigrofasciata and P. reval in the Central Hills likely originate from multiple sources. Morphological analyses reveal populations of P. nigrofasciata proximal to P. bandula, a narrow-range endemic, to have a mix of characters between the two species. Similarly, populations of P. cumingii in the Kalu basin possess orange fins, a state between the red-finned P. reval from Kelani to Deduru and yellow-finned P. cumingii from Bentara to Gin basins. Conclusions Polyphyly in Sri Lankan Pethia suggests two or three colonizations from mainland India. Strong phylogeographic structure in P. nigrofasciata, P. cumingii and P. reval, compared with P. melanomaculata, supports a model wherein the topographically complex wet zone harbors greater genetic diversity than the topographically uniform dry-zone. Mixed morphological characters between P. bandula and P. nigrofasciata, and P. cumingii and P. reval, and their unresolved phylogenies, may suggest recent speciation scenarios with incomplete lineage sorting, or hybridization.

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“…cannot be considered as confirmed. The Western Ghats and Sri Lanka have similar levels of endemism among various taxa such as trees, bryophytes, land snails, odonates, fishes, amphibians and reptiles, though the fauna of the wet evergreen forest zones have been found to be quite distinctive and forms endemic clades, where as the fauna and flora of lowland dry forests seems more similar (Bossuyt et al 2004;Gunawardene et al 2007;Sudasinghe et al 2020). Earthworms are also not an exception for this; Megascolex and Notoscolex species show high level of endemism in Sri Lanka and Western Ghats south of Palghat (Palakkad) gap (Narayanan et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Present day Sri Lankan Island has been a part of the Indian plate during the Gondwanan break-up and drifted away in Miocene from the mainland India to form an island (Biswas 2008). The Sri Lanka Island had several extended periods of land connection with mainland India during the Burdigalian age (~20-16 Mya) and the recent Pleistocene epoch as part of a series of glacial periods (Bossuyt et al 2004;Epa et al 2012;Sudasinghe et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive checklist of the earthworms (Annelida: Clitellata: Megadrili) of Sri Lanka, a component of the Western Ghats – Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot

Narayanan¹,

Kumari²,

Kurien³

et al. 2021

TRAVAUX

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A comprehensive checklist of the earthworm species known from Sri Lanka, an island country in the Indian subcontinent, is presented. In total, 81 species and subspecies belonging to 20 genera and 8 families are recorded. Of these, 58 are Sri Lanka endemics, 2 near endemics and 21 exotics. The checklist includes the type locality, any significant subsequent generic placements, and the distributional pattern with province and districts for each species/subspecies within Sri Lanka.

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A molecular phylogeny of the genusLaubuka(Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka reveals multiple origins and a cryptic species

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Diversity, phylogeny and biogeography of Systomus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka

Diversity, phylogeny and biogeography of Systomus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka

Molecular phylogeny and phylogeography of the freshwater-fish genus Pethia (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka

A comprehensive checklist of the earthworms (Annelida: Clitellata: Megadrili) of Sri Lanka, a component of the Western Ghats – Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot

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A molecular phylogeny of the genusLaubuka(Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka reveals multiple origins and a cryptic species

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Diversity, phylogeny and biogeography of Systomus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka

Diversity, phylogeny and biogeography of Systomus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka

Molecular phylogeny and phylogeography of the freshwater-fish genus Pethia (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Sri Lanka

A comprehensive checklist of the earthworms (Annelida: Clitellata: Megadrili) of Sri Lanka, a component of the Western Ghats &ndash; Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot

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Product

Resources

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A comprehensive checklist of the earthworms (Annelida: Clitellata: Megadrili) of Sri Lanka, a component of the Western Ghats – Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot